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<p>Quantum nanophotonics offers essential tools and technologies for controlling quantum states, while maintaining a miniature form factor and high scalability. Nanophotonic platforms can transfer information from the traditional degrees of freedom (DoFs) of photons, such as spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM), to the DoFs of the nanophotonic platform—and back, opening new directions for quantum information processing. Recent experiments have utilized, for entanglement the total angular momentum (TAM) of a photon—as a unique DoF of nanophotonic platforms—for demonstrating entanglement in TAM. Here, we unravel the morphing of quantum states of heralded single photons as they couple into and out of the near-field of a nanophotonic system. Through quantum state tomography, we discover that the TAM state of the near-field transforms to a free-space entangled state within a larger Hilbert space of SAM and OAM. Furthermore, we show that this entangled single photon state is in fact a quantum optical Stokes skyrmion with a topological invariant of <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\pm 2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>±</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The concepts described here bring new ideas and methodologies in developing high-dimensional quantum circuitry on a chip.</p>

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Quantum skyrmions and high dimensional entanglement mediated by nanophotonics

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月7日

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  • Amit Kam,
  • Shai Tsesses,
  • Lior Fridman,
  • Yigal Ilin,
  • Amir Sivan,
  • Guy Sayer,
  • Stav Lotan,
  • Kobi Cohen,
  • Amit Shaham,
  • Liat Nemirovsky-Levy,
  • Larisa Popilevsky,
  • Aviv Karnieli,
  • Meir Orenstein,
  • Mordechai Segev,
  • Guy Bartal

摘要

Quantum nanophotonics offers essential tools and technologies for controlling quantum states, while maintaining a miniature form factor and high scalability. Nanophotonic platforms can transfer information from the traditional degrees of freedom (DoFs) of photons, such as spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM), to the DoFs of the nanophotonic platform—and back, opening new directions for quantum information processing. Recent experiments have utilized, for entanglement the total angular momentum (TAM) of a photon—as a unique DoF of nanophotonic platforms—for demonstrating entanglement in TAM. Here, we unravel the morphing of quantum states of heralded single photons as they couple into and out of the near-field of a nanophotonic system. Through quantum state tomography, we discover that the TAM state of the near-field transforms to a free-space entangled state within a larger Hilbert space of SAM and OAM. Furthermore, we show that this entangled single photon state is in fact a quantum optical Stokes skyrmion with a topological invariant of \(\pm 2\) ± 2 . The concepts described here bring new ideas and methodologies in developing high-dimensional quantum circuitry on a chip.