Challenges and management of parasitic weeds in Ethiopia

Unlike regular weeds, parasitic weeds parasitize their host crop for sustenance, and critically reduce growth and productivity of the host plants.

The parasitic weeds or heterotrophic plants are conveniently divided into different groups; hemi/partial- or holo/total-parasites, facultative or obligate parasites, root or stem parasites and annual or perennial parasites. Out of about 4000 parasitic plant species, certain species under few plant families; (Orobancheaceae, Convolvulaceae, Loranthaceae and Viscaceae) are considered to be among the most serious agricultural pests of economic importance. They can incur up to 100% yield reduction on host crops depending on the levels of infestation, crop susceptibility and environmental conditions. Their dense occurrence strongly hampers host-crops cultivation. Ample management practices have been tried using many control methods, but so far no economical, feasible or universally dependable means in controlling any of the parasitic weed species. There is inadequate knowledge on parasitic weeds.

This manuscript developed to provide information, knowledge and technology on biology, harmful effects and management of parasitic weeds all over the world particularly in Ethiopia.