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<p>Re-expansion pulmonary oedema (REPE) is a rare but potentially fatal complication following rapid re-expansion of a collapsed lung, typically after treatment for pneumothorax or pleural effusion. We report the case of a 32-year-old male who developed REPE following chest tube drainage for a large left-sided spontaneous pneumothorax. Initial chest radiographs confirmed the pneumothorax, and subsequent imaging revealed progressive unilateral alveolar infiltrates. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) demonstrated diffuse ground-glass opacities and consolidation in the re-expanded lung, consistent with REPE. The patient was managed conservatively with high-flow oxygen, noninvasive ventilation, intravenous diuretics, and corticosteroids, leading to full recovery. This case underscores the importance of recognizing imaging features of REPE and implementing preventive strategies, such as controlled drainage and pleural pressure monitoring, to mitigate risk.</p>

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Re-expansion pulmonary oedema after pneumothorax drainage: a radiology-led case insight

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月21日

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  • Sandeep Singh Awal,
  • Jamanjit Kaur Sidhu

摘要

Re-expansion pulmonary oedema (REPE) is a rare but potentially fatal complication following rapid re-expansion of a collapsed lung, typically after treatment for pneumothorax or pleural effusion. We report the case of a 32-year-old male who developed REPE following chest tube drainage for a large left-sided spontaneous pneumothorax. Initial chest radiographs confirmed the pneumothorax, and subsequent imaging revealed progressive unilateral alveolar infiltrates. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) demonstrated diffuse ground-glass opacities and consolidation in the re-expanded lung, consistent with REPE. The patient was managed conservatively with high-flow oxygen, noninvasive ventilation, intravenous diuretics, and corticosteroids, leading to full recovery. This case underscores the importance of recognizing imaging features of REPE and implementing preventive strategies, such as controlled drainage and pleural pressure monitoring, to mitigate risk.