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Background <p>Lung cancer is a globally pervasive and deadly disease, claiming more than 1 million lives annually. Therefore, the identification of mutations in crucial cancer-related genes is paramount for guiding optimal chemotherapy strategies. The distribution of <i>EGFR</i>, <i>KRAS</i>, <i>ALK</i>, and <i>ROS1</i> mutations varies across diverse ethnic populations. Nonetheless, there is limited data available on the prevalence of these mutations and their correlation with PD-L1 expression among Iranian lung cancer patients.</p> Aim <p>This study involved an analysis of <i>EGFR</i>, <i>KRAS</i>, <i>ALK</i>, and <i>ROS1</i> gene mutations in lung cancer patients, followed by an assessment of the correlation between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological variables.</p> Methods <p>Mutational profiling was conducted by examining <i>EGFR</i> (exons 18–21) and <i>KRAS</i> (exon 2) through pyrosequencing. Detection of ALK and ROS1 rearrangements, alongside PD-L1 expression, was carried out using immunohistochemistry techniques.</p> Results <p><i>EGFR</i> mutations were identified in 23.4% of cases, exhibiting a notably higher occurrence in females (<i>p</i> = 0.001). <i>KRAS</i> mutations were present in 7.1% of cases, with no significant association found between <i>KRAS</i> mutations and sex (<i>p</i> = 0.229). ALK rearrangements were found in 4.9% of cases, while ROS1 rearrangements were present in 0.6% of patients. The overall prevalence of PD-L1 protein expression was 36.85%. Notably, PD-L1 expression was detected in 24.8% of cases with <i>EGFR</i> mutations, 20% of cases with <i>KRAS</i> mutations, 64.7% of cases with ALK rearrangements, and in 100% of cases with ROS1 rearrangements.</p> Conclusion <p>Although no correlation was found between PD-L1 expression and <i>EGFR</i>, <i>KRAS</i> mutations, and ROS1 rearrangements, a noteworthy association was identified between ALK rearrangements and elevated PD-L1 expression.</p>

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Oncogene mutations in non-small cell lung cancer patients in Iran: a study of their association with programmed death ligand-1 expression

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月2日

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  • Zahra Abrehdari-Tafreshi,
  • Majid Pirestani,
  • Zahra Mosaferi,
  • Nasser Rakhshani,
  • Ehsan Arefian

摘要

Background

Lung cancer is a globally pervasive and deadly disease, claiming more than 1 million lives annually. Therefore, the identification of mutations in crucial cancer-related genes is paramount for guiding optimal chemotherapy strategies. The distribution of EGFR, KRAS, ALK, and ROS1 mutations varies across diverse ethnic populations. Nonetheless, there is limited data available on the prevalence of these mutations and their correlation with PD-L1 expression among Iranian lung cancer patients.

Aim

This study involved an analysis of EGFR, KRAS, ALK, and ROS1 gene mutations in lung cancer patients, followed by an assessment of the correlation between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological variables.

Methods

Mutational profiling was conducted by examining EGFR (exons 18–21) and KRAS (exon 2) through pyrosequencing. Detection of ALK and ROS1 rearrangements, alongside PD-L1 expression, was carried out using immunohistochemistry techniques.

Results

EGFR mutations were identified in 23.4% of cases, exhibiting a notably higher occurrence in females (p = 0.001). KRAS mutations were present in 7.1% of cases, with no significant association found between KRAS mutations and sex (p = 0.229). ALK rearrangements were found in 4.9% of cases, while ROS1 rearrangements were present in 0.6% of patients. The overall prevalence of PD-L1 protein expression was 36.85%. Notably, PD-L1 expression was detected in 24.8% of cases with EGFR mutations, 20% of cases with KRAS mutations, 64.7% of cases with ALK rearrangements, and in 100% of cases with ROS1 rearrangements.

Conclusion

Although no correlation was found between PD-L1 expression and EGFR, KRAS mutations, and ROS1 rearrangements, a noteworthy association was identified between ALK rearrangements and elevated PD-L1 expression.