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Background <p>Although previous studies have suggested a potential association between the TyG index and kidney stone formation, much of the existing evidence comes from retrospective datasets with limited clinical detail. Therefore, additional well-designed studies are still needed to confirm and refine this relationship. This study aimed to investigate the association between the TyG index and the risk of KS in an adult Iranian population.</p> Methods <p>This case–control study was conducted in 2023 and included 180 adults (90 patients with KS and 90 age, sex, and hypertension matched controls) recruited through convenience sampling from the Nephrology Clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ardabil, Iran. Demographic, laboratory, and imaging data were collected. The TyG index was calculated as Ln [triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL) / 2]. Independent t-tests, chi-square tests, and multivariable logistic regression were used for analysis. Potential sources of bias related to the sampling method and unmeasured lifestyle factors were acknowledged.</p> Results <p>Participants with KS had significantly higher TyG index values compared with controls (1.11 ± 0.44 vs. 0.89 ± 0.46; <i>P</i> = 0.002). Fasting blood glucose and triglyceride levels were also higher in the KS group. No significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of stone size or number. In multivariable logistic regression, the TyG index remained independently associated with KS (OR = 3.05, 95% CI: 1.50–6.21; <i>P</i> = 0.002).</p> Conclusion <p>A higher TyG index was independently linked to the presence of kidney stones, suggesting a potential role for metabolic disturbances related to insulin resistance in KS development. While the TyG index may help identify individuals at elevated metabolic risk, its clinical utility for KS risk stratification requires further confirmation. Prospective, multicenter studies with broader assessments of dietary, biochemical, and lifestyle factors are recommended.</p>

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Association between the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and kidney stones: a case–control study in Iran

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

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  • Sousan Mohammadi Kebar,
  • Leila Lotfi,
  • Sohrab Iranpour,
  • Aziz Kamran

摘要

Background

Although previous studies have suggested a potential association between the TyG index and kidney stone formation, much of the existing evidence comes from retrospective datasets with limited clinical detail. Therefore, additional well-designed studies are still needed to confirm and refine this relationship. This study aimed to investigate the association between the TyG index and the risk of KS in an adult Iranian population.

Methods

This case–control study was conducted in 2023 and included 180 adults (90 patients with KS and 90 age, sex, and hypertension matched controls) recruited through convenience sampling from the Nephrology Clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ardabil, Iran. Demographic, laboratory, and imaging data were collected. The TyG index was calculated as Ln [triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL) / 2]. Independent t-tests, chi-square tests, and multivariable logistic regression were used for analysis. Potential sources of bias related to the sampling method and unmeasured lifestyle factors were acknowledged.

Results

Participants with KS had significantly higher TyG index values compared with controls (1.11 ± 0.44 vs. 0.89 ± 0.46; P = 0.002). Fasting blood glucose and triglyceride levels were also higher in the KS group. No significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of stone size or number. In multivariable logistic regression, the TyG index remained independently associated with KS (OR = 3.05, 95% CI: 1.50–6.21; P = 0.002).

Conclusion

A higher TyG index was independently linked to the presence of kidney stones, suggesting a potential role for metabolic disturbances related to insulin resistance in KS development. While the TyG index may help identify individuals at elevated metabolic risk, its clinical utility for KS risk stratification requires further confirmation. Prospective, multicenter studies with broader assessments of dietary, biochemical, and lifestyle factors are recommended.