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Background <p><i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is recognized as a major cause of nosocomial infections due to its strong biofilm formation tendency and acquired resistance to multiple antibiotics. These are factors that complicate treatment and increase patient risk. In this study, we investigated the correlation between biofilm-forming capacity, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, and the prevalence of three essential genetic determinants: omp<i>A</i>, bap, and blaPER-1. The identification of 72 clinical isolates was achieved via the biochemical testing and blaOXA-51 gene detection. Subsequently, susceptibility to antimicrobials was measured by using either broth microdilution or disk diffusion. Biofilm development was assessed through the crystal violet staining technique, while the presence and the expression levels of target genes were analyzed using PCR and qPCR.</p> Results <p>High resistance rates (69.4–98.6%) were observed against most antibiotics with tigecycline showing the lowest resistance (12.5%). Most isolates (86.1%) were capable of forming biofilms to varying degrees. In addition, omp<i>A</i> and bap were widely distributed among all isolates, while <i>blaPER-1</i> was detected only in biofilm-forming isolates. Expression of all three genes increased with the strength of biofilm formation, and it was positively correlated with antibiotic resistance, highlighting their potential role in development of both biofilm and multidrug resistance.</p> Conclusion <p><i>A. baumannii</i> demonstrated a robust capacity for biofilm production and exhibited extensive multidrug resistance against different antibiotics, with critical role of omp<i>A</i>, bap, and blaPER-1genes. blaPER-1 was detected only in biofilm-forming isolates in this study, suggesting that it may serve as a potential marker associated with biofilm-producing strains. Gene expression analysis revealed that the levels of these genes consistently increased with the degree of biofilm formation. These findings provide valuable insight into the association between <i>A. baumannii</i> biofilm, antibiotic resistance, and gene regulation and also underscore the necessity for further studies to explore their potential as a therapeutic intervention.</p>

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Characterization of biofilm development and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月20日

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  • Eman Abdelbaset,
  • Marwa A. Shahin,
  • Amal E. Ali,
  • Reham Samir,
  • Marwa M. Raafat

摘要

Background

Acinetobacter baumannii is recognized as a major cause of nosocomial infections due to its strong biofilm formation tendency and acquired resistance to multiple antibiotics. These are factors that complicate treatment and increase patient risk. In this study, we investigated the correlation between biofilm-forming capacity, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, and the prevalence of three essential genetic determinants: ompA, bap, and blaPER-1. The identification of 72 clinical isolates was achieved via the biochemical testing and blaOXA-51 gene detection. Subsequently, susceptibility to antimicrobials was measured by using either broth microdilution or disk diffusion. Biofilm development was assessed through the crystal violet staining technique, while the presence and the expression levels of target genes were analyzed using PCR and qPCR.

Results

High resistance rates (69.4–98.6%) were observed against most antibiotics with tigecycline showing the lowest resistance (12.5%). Most isolates (86.1%) were capable of forming biofilms to varying degrees. In addition, ompA and bap were widely distributed among all isolates, while blaPER-1 was detected only in biofilm-forming isolates. Expression of all three genes increased with the strength of biofilm formation, and it was positively correlated with antibiotic resistance, highlighting their potential role in development of both biofilm and multidrug resistance.

Conclusion

A. baumannii demonstrated a robust capacity for biofilm production and exhibited extensive multidrug resistance against different antibiotics, with critical role of ompA, bap, and blaPER-1genes. blaPER-1 was detected only in biofilm-forming isolates in this study, suggesting that it may serve as a potential marker associated with biofilm-producing strains. Gene expression analysis revealed that the levels of these genes consistently increased with the degree of biofilm formation. These findings provide valuable insight into the association between A. baumannii biofilm, antibiotic resistance, and gene regulation and also underscore the necessity for further studies to explore their potential as a therapeutic intervention.