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<p>While China has emerged as a leading Asian insurance market, research on improving operational efficiency (OE) in its insurance sector remains limited. This study employs two-stage network data envelopment analysis (DEA) to measure efficiency across 81 Chinese life insurers (2011–2020), identifying improvement pathways through necessary condition analysis (NCA) and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). Our findings reveal improving but suboptimal OE, with state-owned enterprises showing higher performance in premium acquisition but lower performance in distribution efficiency than non-SOEs. We identify four high-efficiency configurational paths, with firm age consistently appearing as a necessary condition. Results reveal that state-owned life insurers require comprehensive governance arrangements, while non-state insurers can achieve efficiency through multiple pathways, with firm age emerging as a necessary condition across all high-efficiency configurations. This study advances the understanding of efficiency determinants in emerging insurance markets through its configuration analysis.</p>

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Corporate governance and efficiency performance in China’s life insurance industry: a configuration analysis based on DEA-fsQCA

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月14日

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  • Yi Xie,
  • Rozaimah Zainudin,
  • Nurul Shahnaz Mahdzan

摘要

While China has emerged as a leading Asian insurance market, research on improving operational efficiency (OE) in its insurance sector remains limited. This study employs two-stage network data envelopment analysis (DEA) to measure efficiency across 81 Chinese life insurers (2011–2020), identifying improvement pathways through necessary condition analysis (NCA) and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). Our findings reveal improving but suboptimal OE, with state-owned enterprises showing higher performance in premium acquisition but lower performance in distribution efficiency than non-SOEs. We identify four high-efficiency configurational paths, with firm age consistently appearing as a necessary condition. Results reveal that state-owned life insurers require comprehensive governance arrangements, while non-state insurers can achieve efficiency through multiple pathways, with firm age emerging as a necessary condition across all high-efficiency configurations. This study advances the understanding of efficiency determinants in emerging insurance markets through its configuration analysis.