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Background <p>Down syndrome (DS) is the most prevalent genetic disorder associated with intellectual disability. Nutritional deficiencies, particularly in antioxidants such as vitamin E, selenium, and vitamin B12 may contribute to impaired neurodevelopment in DS. This study aims to evaluate serum antioxidant levels including Vitamin E, B12 and selenium in children with DS relative to healthy control subjects.</p> Materials and methods <p>This case–control study comprised 90 participants, including 60 DS patients and 30 healthy controls matched for age and gender (aged from 5 to 15&#xa0;years old). Serum levels of vitamin E, vitamin B12, and selenium were measured using atomic absorption spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Clinical and laboratory assessments, including thyroid function, lipid profile, and complete blood count, were performed.</p> Results <p>Children with DS had significantly lower serum vitamin B12 (1.9 ± 0.9&#xa0;pg/ml vs. 7.4 ± 2.1&#xa0;pg/ml, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) and selenium levels (46.33 ± 15.48&#xa0;µg/L vs. 166 ± 26.47&#xa0;µg/L, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) compared to controls. Vitamin E levels showed no significant difference (<i>P</i> = 0.061). DS patients exhibited lower height, weight, and head circumference (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, they had significantly lower FT3, FT4, hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol levels, while LDL and total cholesterol (TC) were significantly elevated (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Maternal age was markedly higher in the DS group (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001).</p> Conclusions <p>Children with DS have significant deficiencies in vitamin B12 and selenium, which may contribute to their neurodevelopmental impairments. These findings highlight the potential role of antioxidant supplementation in DS management.</p>

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Serum selenium, vitamin E and B12 levels in Egyptian children with Down syndrome

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月12日

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  • Alaa Mohamed Gamal Eldeen,
  • Iman Ehsan Abdel Meguid,
  • Soaad Ishaq Wahba,
  • Walaa Ahmed Rabie,
  • Nevine Ramzy El Baroudy

摘要

Background

Down syndrome (DS) is the most prevalent genetic disorder associated with intellectual disability. Nutritional deficiencies, particularly in antioxidants such as vitamin E, selenium, and vitamin B12 may contribute to impaired neurodevelopment in DS. This study aims to evaluate serum antioxidant levels including Vitamin E, B12 and selenium in children with DS relative to healthy control subjects.

Materials and methods

This case–control study comprised 90 participants, including 60 DS patients and 30 healthy controls matched for age and gender (aged from 5 to 15 years old). Serum levels of vitamin E, vitamin B12, and selenium were measured using atomic absorption spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Clinical and laboratory assessments, including thyroid function, lipid profile, and complete blood count, were performed.

Results

Children with DS had significantly lower serum vitamin B12 (1.9 ± 0.9 pg/ml vs. 7.4 ± 2.1 pg/ml, P < 0.001) and selenium levels (46.33 ± 15.48 µg/L vs. 166 ± 26.47 µg/L, P < 0.001) compared to controls. Vitamin E levels showed no significant difference (P = 0.061). DS patients exhibited lower height, weight, and head circumference (P < 0.05). Additionally, they had significantly lower FT3, FT4, hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol levels, while LDL and total cholesterol (TC) were significantly elevated (P < 0.05). Maternal age was markedly higher in the DS group (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Children with DS have significant deficiencies in vitamin B12 and selenium, which may contribute to their neurodevelopmental impairments. These findings highlight the potential role of antioxidant supplementation in DS management.