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Background <p>Schizophrenia isassociated with elevated incidence of type2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Autoimmune responses targeting glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) may contribute to neurological disorders and diabetes development. Accordingly, the purpose of this research was to evaluate the clinical relevance of serum anti-GAD65 antibody level in patients with schizophrenia and T2D, compared with patients with schizophrenia without diabetes.</p> Methods <p>This study involved 60 patients with schizophrenia (30 patients with T2D and 30 patients without T2D). Levels of HbA1C with random blood sugar (RBS) were carried using commercial kits. Level of serum anti-GAD65 antibody was measured by using ELISA Bio Vendor GAD65 Assay Kit.</p> Results <p>Data showed substantial (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) increases in HbA1C, RBS, and BMI among patients with schizophrenia and T2D Compared to patients with schizophrenia only. Serum anti-GAD65 antibody titer elevated in patients with schizophrenia and T2D (237.33 ± 9.49, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) when compared with patients with schizophrenia only (193.11 ± 8.12), in females when compared with males of two groups, and in patients with schizophrenia (either with or without T2D) who received Olanzapine than those who received Clozapine. Additionally, the findings of the ROC curve showed that, with an AUC of 0.75, a cut-off value of 215 IU/ml, 80% sensitivity, and 70% specificity.</p> Conclusion <p>Serum anti-GAD65 antibody titers were significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia and T2D than in those with schizophrenia only, indicating strong association between anti-GAD65 and T2D in patients with schizophrenia.</p>

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Clinical significance of serum anti-GAD65 titer in patients with schizophrenia and type2 diabetes mellitus

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月3日

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  • Riham Abdel-Hamid Haroun,
  • Safeya M Effat,
  • Waleed H. Osman,
  • Doaa Abdel – Elsattar Mohammed,
  • Nesreen F. Ibrahim,
  • Asmaa M. Eessa,
  • Ola Mohamed Aufa

摘要

Background

Schizophrenia isassociated with elevated incidence of type2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Autoimmune responses targeting glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) may contribute to neurological disorders and diabetes development. Accordingly, the purpose of this research was to evaluate the clinical relevance of serum anti-GAD65 antibody level in patients with schizophrenia and T2D, compared with patients with schizophrenia without diabetes.

Methods

This study involved 60 patients with schizophrenia (30 patients with T2D and 30 patients without T2D). Levels of HbA1C with random blood sugar (RBS) were carried using commercial kits. Level of serum anti-GAD65 antibody was measured by using ELISA Bio Vendor GAD65 Assay Kit.

Results

Data showed substantial (p < 0.05) increases in HbA1C, RBS, and BMI among patients with schizophrenia and T2D Compared to patients with schizophrenia only. Serum anti-GAD65 antibody titer elevated in patients with schizophrenia and T2D (237.33 ± 9.49, p < 0.001) when compared with patients with schizophrenia only (193.11 ± 8.12), in females when compared with males of two groups, and in patients with schizophrenia (either with or without T2D) who received Olanzapine than those who received Clozapine. Additionally, the findings of the ROC curve showed that, with an AUC of 0.75, a cut-off value of 215 IU/ml, 80% sensitivity, and 70% specificity.

Conclusion

Serum anti-GAD65 antibody titers were significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia and T2D than in those with schizophrenia only, indicating strong association between anti-GAD65 and T2D in patients with schizophrenia.