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Background <p>Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A₂ (Lp-PLA₂) is a vascular-specific enzyme that hydrolyzes oxidized phospholipids on low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), thereby promoting vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Sex-related differences in lipid metabolism and genetic polymorphisms may influence cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This study aimed to evaluate sex-specific variations in lipid profiles, cardiac biomarkers, Lp-PLA₂ activity, and the Ala379Val (rs1051931, G/A) polymorphism in healthy Egyptian adults.</p> Methods <p>One hundred healthy individuals (50 males and 50 females) were recruited. Serum concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol (T-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total creatine kinase (T-CK), and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) were measured. Lp-PLA₂ activity was determined using a colorimetric assay, and genotyping of rs1051931 was performed via PCR-RFLP.</p> Results <p>Males exhibited significantly higher levels of triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total creatine kinase (T-CK), and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), along with lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels compared to females (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). After adjusting for body mass index (BMI), Lp-PLA₂ activity was elevated in males across all genotypes, with the highest activity observed in individuals carrying the AA genotype. The A allele was more prevalent in males (31%) than in females (25%) (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05).</p> Conclusion <p>Sex-specific disparities favoring males in lipid metabolism, cardiac enzyme activity, and the Lp-PLA₂ (G/A) variation may augment their heightened cardiovascular risk. Specifically, Egyptian males possessing the A allele of rs1051931 seem to exhibit increased vulnerability to lipid-induced cardiovascular problems, presumably due to elevated Lp-PLA₂ activity. These findings underscore the need to incorporate sex and genetic profiling into cardiovascular disease risk evaluation and preventive measures, enabling more precise and individualized therapies.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Gender-specific variations in lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A₂ (rs1051931) polymorphism and cardiovascular disease susceptibility in an Egyptian cohort

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月4日

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  • Mohammed Saad El-Gedamy,
  • Eyad Ali Othman

摘要

Background

Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A₂ (Lp-PLA₂) is a vascular-specific enzyme that hydrolyzes oxidized phospholipids on low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), thereby promoting vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Sex-related differences in lipid metabolism and genetic polymorphisms may influence cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This study aimed to evaluate sex-specific variations in lipid profiles, cardiac biomarkers, Lp-PLA₂ activity, and the Ala379Val (rs1051931, G/A) polymorphism in healthy Egyptian adults.

Methods

One hundred healthy individuals (50 males and 50 females) were recruited. Serum concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol (T-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total creatine kinase (T-CK), and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) were measured. Lp-PLA₂ activity was determined using a colorimetric assay, and genotyping of rs1051931 was performed via PCR-RFLP.

Results

Males exhibited significantly higher levels of triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total creatine kinase (T-CK), and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), along with lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels compared to females (P < 0.05). After adjusting for body mass index (BMI), Lp-PLA₂ activity was elevated in males across all genotypes, with the highest activity observed in individuals carrying the AA genotype. The A allele was more prevalent in males (31%) than in females (25%) (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Sex-specific disparities favoring males in lipid metabolism, cardiac enzyme activity, and the Lp-PLA₂ (G/A) variation may augment their heightened cardiovascular risk. Specifically, Egyptian males possessing the A allele of rs1051931 seem to exhibit increased vulnerability to lipid-induced cardiovascular problems, presumably due to elevated Lp-PLA₂ activity. These findings underscore the need to incorporate sex and genetic profiling into cardiovascular disease risk evaluation and preventive measures, enabling more precise and individualized therapies.

Graphical abstract