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<p>The objective of this study was to produce structured lipids (SLs) enriched in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by enzymatic interesterification of a medium-chain triacylglycerol (MCT) oil and docosahexaenoic acid single cell oil (DHASCO), using immobilized lipases from <i>Thermomyces lanuginosus</i> (TL) and <i>Candida rugosa</i> (CR). The enzymes were screened for their effectiveness, and optimal conditions were employed to evaluate their ability to incorporate DHA or medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) into the triacylglycerol backbone. Fatty acid composition, regiospecific distribution, and oxidative stability were assessed in both the original and structured lipids. Structured lipids were prepared under ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic interesterification, and their oxidative stability was evaluated using conjugated dienes (CD) and 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assays. The results indicated that after 1&#xa0;h of incubation, DHA content in the resultant product was reduced to 31.22% and 32.66% with TL and CR lipases, respectively. For MCFAs, long chain saturated fatty acids (LC-SFAs) and long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), the amounts were 35.29%, 15.91% and 15.06% (TL: <i>Thermomyces lanuginosus</i>), and 25.92%, 20.04% and 17.83% (CR: <i>Candida rugosa</i>), respectively. In DHASCO, DHA was predominantly esterified to the sn-2 position, while MCFAs occupied mainly the sn-1 and sn-3 positions. In MCT, MCFAs were esterified to all positions, but as the chain length increased from C8 to C16, saturated FAs decreased in the sn-1 and sn-2 positions but not in the sn-3 position. In novel structured lipids so produced, DHA was mainly attached to the sn-2 position, with C8:0 to C16:0 esterified to sn-1,3 positions. Enzymatically modified oil generally had higher CD and TBARS values compared to their unmodified counterparts. These findings demonstrate potential for rational design of structured lipids, offering a venue to tailor their composition and enhanced potential nutritional value.&#xa0;</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Ultrasound-assisted enzymatic interesterification of medium-chain triacylglycerol oil and docosahexaenoic acid single cell oil

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月18日

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  • Lanh Van Nguyen,
  • Eliot Patrick Botosoa,
  • Fereidoon Shahidi

摘要

The objective of this study was to produce structured lipids (SLs) enriched in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by enzymatic interesterification of a medium-chain triacylglycerol (MCT) oil and docosahexaenoic acid single cell oil (DHASCO), using immobilized lipases from Thermomyces lanuginosus (TL) and Candida rugosa (CR). The enzymes were screened for their effectiveness, and optimal conditions were employed to evaluate their ability to incorporate DHA or medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) into the triacylglycerol backbone. Fatty acid composition, regiospecific distribution, and oxidative stability were assessed in both the original and structured lipids. Structured lipids were prepared under ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic interesterification, and their oxidative stability was evaluated using conjugated dienes (CD) and 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assays. The results indicated that after 1 h of incubation, DHA content in the resultant product was reduced to 31.22% and 32.66% with TL and CR lipases, respectively. For MCFAs, long chain saturated fatty acids (LC-SFAs) and long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), the amounts were 35.29%, 15.91% and 15.06% (TL: Thermomyces lanuginosus), and 25.92%, 20.04% and 17.83% (CR: Candida rugosa), respectively. In DHASCO, DHA was predominantly esterified to the sn-2 position, while MCFAs occupied mainly the sn-1 and sn-3 positions. In MCT, MCFAs were esterified to all positions, but as the chain length increased from C8 to C16, saturated FAs decreased in the sn-1 and sn-2 positions but not in the sn-3 position. In novel structured lipids so produced, DHA was mainly attached to the sn-2 position, with C8:0 to C16:0 esterified to sn-1,3 positions. Enzymatically modified oil generally had higher CD and TBARS values compared to their unmodified counterparts. These findings demonstrate potential for rational design of structured lipids, offering a venue to tailor their composition and enhanced potential nutritional value. 

Graphical Abstract