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<p>Pathogenic fungi such as <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> (<i>B. cinerea</i>) present a major challenge to sustainable agriculture. In this study, we report the design and synthesis of a novel thiol-functionalized dendritic mesoporous silica-based nano-fungicide (Ag@DMSNs-SH), featuring ultrasmall silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) uniformly generated and immobilized <i>in situ</i> within the thiolated silica framework. This innovative synthesis strategy ensures homogeneous AgNPs dispersion, enhanced stability, and a sustained silver release profile. Ag@DMSNs-SH demonstrated superior, dose-dependent antifungal activity against <i>B. cinerea</i> compared to free AgNPs. At 1.5&#xa0;mg/mL, it achieved 78.63% mycelial growth inhibition over six days, significantly outperforming free AgNPs (15.57% inhibition, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Mechanistic studies revealed that Ag@DMSNs-SH disrupts the fungal cell membrane, causing cytoplasmic leakage. In detached strawberry leaf assays, Ag@DMSNs-SH demonstrated a high curative efficacy, suppressing disease by 92.27% at the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), compared to 36.64% for free AgNPs. Its high antifungal performance was further confirmed in potted plant and field trials, where Ag@DMSNs-SH reduced disease incidence from 92.78% to 26.11% and from 83.30% to 19.79%, respectively. These results establish Ag@DMSNs-SH as a new generation of sustained-release nano-fungicide with strong potential for the management of fungal diseases in high-value crops.</p>

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A novel nano-fungicide for Botrytis cinerea control: in planta efficacy and mechanistic insights of silver nanoparticles on a thiolated dendritic mesoporous silica framework

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月19日

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  • Xuexiang Weng,
  • Yuting Li,
  • Yiqi Wen,
  • Yiru Chen,
  • Zifeng Zhu,
  • Liyuan Yu,
  • Xia Liu,
  • Ping Sun,
  • Yongming Ruan

摘要

Pathogenic fungi such as Botrytis cinerea (B. cinerea) present a major challenge to sustainable agriculture. In this study, we report the design and synthesis of a novel thiol-functionalized dendritic mesoporous silica-based nano-fungicide (Ag@DMSNs-SH), featuring ultrasmall silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) uniformly generated and immobilized in situ within the thiolated silica framework. This innovative synthesis strategy ensures homogeneous AgNPs dispersion, enhanced stability, and a sustained silver release profile. Ag@DMSNs-SH demonstrated superior, dose-dependent antifungal activity against B. cinerea compared to free AgNPs. At 1.5 mg/mL, it achieved 78.63% mycelial growth inhibition over six days, significantly outperforming free AgNPs (15.57% inhibition, P < 0.05). Mechanistic studies revealed that Ag@DMSNs-SH disrupts the fungal cell membrane, causing cytoplasmic leakage. In detached strawberry leaf assays, Ag@DMSNs-SH demonstrated a high curative efficacy, suppressing disease by 92.27% at the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), compared to 36.64% for free AgNPs. Its high antifungal performance was further confirmed in potted plant and field trials, where Ag@DMSNs-SH reduced disease incidence from 92.78% to 26.11% and from 83.30% to 19.79%, respectively. These results establish Ag@DMSNs-SH as a new generation of sustained-release nano-fungicide with strong potential for the management of fungal diseases in high-value crops.