Scholarlink

<p>Plant cell-surface-localized pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize conserved microbial patterns to activate pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), which confers mild and broad-spectrum resistance to most microbes. Rapid alkalinization factor (RALF) peptides are a family of secreted peptides that have been reported to regulate many biological processes, including plant immunity. However, little is known for the roles of RALFs in soybean immunity and disease resistance. In total, 24 RALFs have been identified in the soybean <i>Glycine max</i>, and we showed that these <i>GmRALFs</i> are either transcriptionally induced or suppressed in response to pathogen infection. We characterized the roles of GmRALFs in plant immunity by transiently expressing them in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i>. We examined the effect of GmRALFs on PTI responses, including the ROS burst induced by bacterial flg22 or fungal chitin, and oomycete INF1-induced cell death. We further examined the disease resistance to pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and oomycete in plants. We identified several <i>GmRALFs</i> that positively or negatively regulate plant immunity. Of these GmRALFs, GmRALF1 and its homolog in <i>N. benthamiana</i> exhibited strong immune suppression in all PTI and disease resistance assays. Finally, we obtained <i>Gmralf1</i> mutant lines using CRISPR-Cas9 approach. These mutants exhibited significantly enhanced PTI and resistance to <i>Phytophthora sojae</i> and <i>Pseudmonas syringae</i> infection. In conclusion, our study revealed the common and specific roles of GmRALFs in PTI responses and resistance to various pathogens, and identified <i>GmRALF1</i> as a candidate&#xa0;susceptibility gene with potential applications for improving soybean disease resistance.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Functional analysis of RALF peptides in soybean immunity and disease resistance

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月18日

查看全文
  • Weijie Wang,
  • Zhuoyuan He,
  • Dongmei Wang,
  • Guangyuan Xu,
  • Jun Yang,
  • Xianzhong Feng,
  • Xiangxiu Liang,
  • Daolong Dou,
  • Rubin Chen

摘要

Plant cell-surface-localized pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize conserved microbial patterns to activate pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), which confers mild and broad-spectrum resistance to most microbes. Rapid alkalinization factor (RALF) peptides are a family of secreted peptides that have been reported to regulate many biological processes, including plant immunity. However, little is known for the roles of RALFs in soybean immunity and disease resistance. In total, 24 RALFs have been identified in the soybean Glycine max, and we showed that these GmRALFs are either transcriptionally induced or suppressed in response to pathogen infection. We characterized the roles of GmRALFs in plant immunity by transiently expressing them in Nicotiana benthamiana. We examined the effect of GmRALFs on PTI responses, including the ROS burst induced by bacterial flg22 or fungal chitin, and oomycete INF1-induced cell death. We further examined the disease resistance to pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and oomycete in plants. We identified several GmRALFs that positively or negatively regulate plant immunity. Of these GmRALFs, GmRALF1 and its homolog in N. benthamiana exhibited strong immune suppression in all PTI and disease resistance assays. Finally, we obtained Gmralf1 mutant lines using CRISPR-Cas9 approach. These mutants exhibited significantly enhanced PTI and resistance to Phytophthora sojae and Pseudmonas syringae infection. In conclusion, our study revealed the common and specific roles of GmRALFs in PTI responses and resistance to various pathogens, and identified GmRALF1 as a candidate susceptibility gene with potential applications for improving soybean disease resistance.