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Iatrogenic botulism after intragastric botulinum neurotoxin injections – a major outbreak

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2024年10月29日

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  • Tsepo Goerttler,
  • Martin B. Dorner,
  • Christina van der Linden,
  • Ricardo Kienitz,
  • Stephan Petrik,
  • Stephan Blechinger,
  • Jonah Spickschen,
  • Iris R. Betz,
  • Carl Hinrichs,
  • David Steindl,
  • Frederike Weber,
  • Thomas Musacchio,
  • Gilbert Wunderlich,
  • Maria Adele Rueger,
  • Michael T. Barbe,
  • Haidar Dafsari,
  • Seda Demir,
  • Sriramya Lapa,
  • Pia S. Zeiner,
  • Adam Strzelczyk,
  • Peter Tinnemann,
  • Christian Kleine,
  • Andreas Totzeck,
  • Stephan Klebe,
  • Agata Mikolajewska,
  • Brigitte G. Dorner,
  • Elisabeth Fertl,
  • Christian Grefkes-Hermann,
  • Gereon Fink,
  • Christoph Kleinschnitz,
  • Tim Hagenacker

摘要

Background

Intragastric botulinum neurotoxin injections (IBNI) are offered off-label in the private medical sector in a few European countries as a safe and effective weight-loss measure. In February and March 2023, an outbreak of iatrogenic botulism occurred in several European countries following IBNI treatment in Turkey. This case series describes the clinical features of severe iatrogenic botulism after IBNI.

Methods

We retrospectively summarize the clinical course and emergency department and intensive care unit interventions in ten cases of severe iatrogenic botulism that occurred after receiving IBNI in this sudden outbreak in Austria and Germany.

Results

Seven out of ten cases initially showed characteristic symptoms of botulism with diplopia, dysphagia, dysarthria, dysarthrophonia, and descending paralysis. All patients were hospitalized, six in an intensive care unit and partially requiring mechanical ventilation. All patients recovered and were discharged without relevant permanent deficits.

Conclusion

Our study highlights ten clinical cases in this iatrogenic botulism outbreak, representing the largest reported outbreak worldwide. Clinicians should be aware of the risks associated with medical procedures involving botulinum neurotoxins and ensure measures to minimize the risk of iatrogenic botulism.