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Background <p>Scrub typhus, a major tropical febrile disease in Asia, rarely triggers Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS)—an immune-mediated neuropathy typically post-antecedent infections or vaccinations. Only 16 global cases of this association were documented by 2024.</p> Case presentation <p>We present a case of a 72-year-old woman who developed progressive limb weakness and numbness following scrub typhus infection, accompanied by peripheral facial palsy, dysphagia, and dysphonia. Neurophysiological studies and cerebrospinal fluid analysis confirmed GBS diagnosis. Serological testing demonstrated positivity for anti-GM4 antibodies. Administration of immunotherapy resulted in improvement of the patient's clinical symptoms.</p> Conclusions <p>Vigilance for concomitant GBS is warranted during scrub typhus infection, as prompt immunotherapy typically yields favorable clinical outcomes.</p>

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Guillain–Barré syndrome with anti-GM4 seropositivity after scrub typhus: a first case report

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月6日

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  • Aizheng Huang,
  • Qili Chen,
  • Caiming Li,
  • Yankun Li,
  • Zhiwei Qiu,
  • Shunzhi Zhuang,
  • Lingen Kong

摘要

Background

Scrub typhus, a major tropical febrile disease in Asia, rarely triggers Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS)—an immune-mediated neuropathy typically post-antecedent infections or vaccinations. Only 16 global cases of this association were documented by 2024.

Case presentation

We present a case of a 72-year-old woman who developed progressive limb weakness and numbness following scrub typhus infection, accompanied by peripheral facial palsy, dysphagia, and dysphonia. Neurophysiological studies and cerebrospinal fluid analysis confirmed GBS diagnosis. Serological testing demonstrated positivity for anti-GM4 antibodies. Administration of immunotherapy resulted in improvement of the patient's clinical symptoms.

Conclusions

Vigilance for concomitant GBS is warranted during scrub typhus infection, as prompt immunotherapy typically yields favorable clinical outcomes.