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Background <p>Food and water serve as the primary sources of arsenic exposure, posing one of the most significant health threats related to heavy metals. Arsenic causes oxidative stress, which has many negative effects on humans. <i>Nauclea latifolia</i> (African peach) stem bark contains bioactive compounds with demonstrated antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties that may offer protection against heavy metal toxicity. This study investigated the protective effects of <i>N. latifolia</i> stem bark aqueous extract against sodium arsenite-induced oxidative damage in hepatorenal tissues. A total of 25 rats were separated into five groups, each containing five rats. Each rat received the prescribed treatment once daily for 28&#xa0;days. A control group received no NaAsO₂, while a second group received 5&#xa0;mg/kg NaAsO₂. The treatment groups received <i>N. latifolia</i> stem bark aqueous extracts (200 and 400&#xa0;mg/kg) and silymarin (50&#xa0;mg/kg), followed by 5&#xa0;mg/kg of NaAsO₂.</p> Results <p>Rats administered NaAsO₂ showed a significant decrease (p &lt; 0.05) in SOD, CAT, and GSH levels, but significant increases (p &lt; 0.05) in proinflammatory marker (TNF-α &amp; IL-6) levels, urea, creatinine, and liver enzyme biomarkers. Treatment with <i>N. latifolia</i> stem bark aqueous extract and silymarin ameliorated oxidative stress and inflammation, and reduced levels of creatinine, uric acid, urea and liver enzyme activity.</p> Conclusion <p>The <i>N. latifolia</i> stem bark aqueous extract prevented histological hepatic steatosis and renal cytoarchitecture deterioration induced by NaAsO₂ exposure. This suggests that plant extracts with antioxidant compounds like <i>N. latifolia</i> can mitigate liver and kidney damage from NaAsO₂ exposure, offering potential therapeutic applications for arsenic toxicity management.</p>

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Antioxidative properties of Nauclea latifolia (African peach) extracts protects against sodium arsenite-induced oxidative damage in hepatorenal tissues in Wistar rats

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月3日

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  • Wusa Makena,
  • Victor Kayode Jerome,
  • Gidok Kogi Abednego,
  • Onyinoyi Bethel Onimisi,
  • Aisha Aminu,
  • Barka Ishaku,
  • Abel Yashim Solomon

摘要

Background

Food and water serve as the primary sources of arsenic exposure, posing one of the most significant health threats related to heavy metals. Arsenic causes oxidative stress, which has many negative effects on humans. Nauclea latifolia (African peach) stem bark contains bioactive compounds with demonstrated antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties that may offer protection against heavy metal toxicity. This study investigated the protective effects of N. latifolia stem bark aqueous extract against sodium arsenite-induced oxidative damage in hepatorenal tissues. A total of 25 rats were separated into five groups, each containing five rats. Each rat received the prescribed treatment once daily for 28 days. A control group received no NaAsO₂, while a second group received 5 mg/kg NaAsO₂. The treatment groups received N. latifolia stem bark aqueous extracts (200 and 400 mg/kg) and silymarin (50 mg/kg), followed by 5 mg/kg of NaAsO₂.

Results

Rats administered NaAsO₂ showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in SOD, CAT, and GSH levels, but significant increases (p < 0.05) in proinflammatory marker (TNF-α & IL-6) levels, urea, creatinine, and liver enzyme biomarkers. Treatment with N. latifolia stem bark aqueous extract and silymarin ameliorated oxidative stress and inflammation, and reduced levels of creatinine, uric acid, urea and liver enzyme activity.

Conclusion

The N. latifolia stem bark aqueous extract prevented histological hepatic steatosis and renal cytoarchitecture deterioration induced by NaAsO₂ exposure. This suggests that plant extracts with antioxidant compounds like N. latifolia can mitigate liver and kidney damage from NaAsO₂ exposure, offering potential therapeutic applications for arsenic toxicity management.