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Background <p><i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i> is a primary vector of lymphatic filariasis, and the most abundant mosquito species in the sub-Himalayan West Bengal. Besides the disease treatment, vector control is another way to control new cases of lymphatic filariasis. Vector control mainly relies on insecticides application and indiscriminate use can lead to varying resistance development. Insecticide application require susceptibility monitoring for efficient use prior to control measures for mosquitoes. This study, determines the susceptibility status of <i>Cx. quinquefasciatus</i> populations against two botanical insecticides (azadirachtin &amp; pyrethrum extract) along with two different classes of synthetic insecticides (cyphenothrin &amp; temephos) from five districts of northern West Bengal.</p> Results <p>The results showed that most of the tested populations exhibited high resistance to cyphenothrin, while one population found resistant to temephos. In the case of pyrethrum&#xa0;extract, all the populations were susceptible, while for azadirachtin, four populations (Siliguri, Shivmandir, Falakata and Islampur) found moderately resistant.</p> Conclusions <p>Both synthetic and botanical insecticides may contribute to resistance development among mosquito populations. However, botanical insecticides may be less likely to drive the selection of resistant populations due to their complex molecular structures, multiple modes of action, and shorter environmental persistence.</p>

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Phenotypic Susceptibility status of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae against different synthetic and botanical insecticides from sub-Himalayan West Bengal, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月11日

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  • Abhirup Saha,
  • Prapti Das,
  • Subhajit Das,
  • Dhiraj Saha

摘要

Background

Culex quinquefasciatus is a primary vector of lymphatic filariasis, and the most abundant mosquito species in the sub-Himalayan West Bengal. Besides the disease treatment, vector control is another way to control new cases of lymphatic filariasis. Vector control mainly relies on insecticides application and indiscriminate use can lead to varying resistance development. Insecticide application require susceptibility monitoring for efficient use prior to control measures for mosquitoes. This study, determines the susceptibility status of Cx. quinquefasciatus populations against two botanical insecticides (azadirachtin & pyrethrum extract) along with two different classes of synthetic insecticides (cyphenothrin & temephos) from five districts of northern West Bengal.

Results

The results showed that most of the tested populations exhibited high resistance to cyphenothrin, while one population found resistant to temephos. In the case of pyrethrum extract, all the populations were susceptible, while for azadirachtin, four populations (Siliguri, Shivmandir, Falakata and Islampur) found moderately resistant.

Conclusions

Both synthetic and botanical insecticides may contribute to resistance development among mosquito populations. However, botanical insecticides may be less likely to drive the selection of resistant populations due to their complex molecular structures, multiple modes of action, and shorter environmental persistence.