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Background <p>Craniofacial imaging modalities play an important role in human identification via comparative dental analysis and reconstruction profiling. Skeletal structures, especially the mandible, show remarkable sexual dimorphism and thus play a pivotal role in sex estimation. A literature search has revealed that both 2D and 3D radiographic techniques have a significant role in forensic odontology, and recent research has focused on assessing the role of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in forensic dentistry. The study aimed to appraise the role of CBCT and orthopantomogram (OPG) in sex estimation by assessing the mandibular anatomical landmarks.</p> Main body <p>An electronic search of PubMed, ClinicalKey, and TRIP databases was carried out. The articles were screened, and 28 articles that fulfilled definite eligibility criteria were included. Fourteen studies each were included for CBCT and OPG-based evaluation of mandibular parameters. Sex has an influence on most linear variables except for the condylar dimension, whereas among the angular variables, the condylar angles showed significant difference with sex. Volumetric analysis of the coronoid process also exhibited sexual dimorphism. Mandibular linear measurements were considered predictors of sexual dimorphism with more precise CBCT findings.</p> Conclusion <p>Both imaging modalities were comparable in sex estimation, with their own strengths and limitations. The morphological evaluation of the mandible is better with CBCT because of its precision, reduced distortion, and radiation exposure.</p>

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Role of cone beam computed tomography and orthopantomogram in sex estimation: a systematic review

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月19日

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  • Deepti Sharma,
  • Shruti Gupta,
  • George Koshy,
  • Vishal Sharma,
  • Anita Hooda

摘要

Background

Craniofacial imaging modalities play an important role in human identification via comparative dental analysis and reconstruction profiling. Skeletal structures, especially the mandible, show remarkable sexual dimorphism and thus play a pivotal role in sex estimation. A literature search has revealed that both 2D and 3D radiographic techniques have a significant role in forensic odontology, and recent research has focused on assessing the role of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in forensic dentistry. The study aimed to appraise the role of CBCT and orthopantomogram (OPG) in sex estimation by assessing the mandibular anatomical landmarks.

Main body

An electronic search of PubMed, ClinicalKey, and TRIP databases was carried out. The articles were screened, and 28 articles that fulfilled definite eligibility criteria were included. Fourteen studies each were included for CBCT and OPG-based evaluation of mandibular parameters. Sex has an influence on most linear variables except for the condylar dimension, whereas among the angular variables, the condylar angles showed significant difference with sex. Volumetric analysis of the coronoid process also exhibited sexual dimorphism. Mandibular linear measurements were considered predictors of sexual dimorphism with more precise CBCT findings.

Conclusion

Both imaging modalities were comparable in sex estimation, with their own strengths and limitations. The morphological evaluation of the mandible is better with CBCT because of its precision, reduced distortion, and radiation exposure.