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Introduction <p>It has been reported that the introduction of thirteen-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) had an influence on antibiotic resistance rates of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Recent data about antibiotic resistance in IPD are scarce. The aim of the current study was to analyse the impact of PCV13 introduction and COVID-19 pandemic on antibiotic resistance in IPD and the effects of antibiotic resistance on mortality. Furthermore, we correlate vaccine and non-vaccine serotypes with antibiotic resistance.</p> Methods <p>We included 8747 IPD cases from a Swiss nationwide IPD surveillance database for 2012–2022. Regression analyses were performed to examine significant trends over time and to identify serotypes and patient characteristics associated with antibiotic resistance.</p> Results <p>The proportion of non-susceptibility to erythromycin (IRR: 0.9, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and cotrimoxazole (IRR: 0.9, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) decreased from 2012 to 2022. Penicillin non-susceptibility remained constant with a dip in 2022 (2012: 9.2%, 2022: 4.7%). PCV13 serotypes 6B, 9V, 14, 19A and 19F were significantly associated with non-susceptibility while the non-PCV13 serotype 15A, 23B, 24/F and 6C were associated with resistance to at least two antibiotic groups. Antibiotic non-susceptibility was not associated with death but meningitis was associated with penicillin non-susceptibility.</p> Conclusions <p>Antibiotic resistance in IPD decreased over time without increases during the COVID-19 pandemic, while a strong association between serotypes and antibiotic resistance persists. Introduction of vaccines with extended serotype coverage may further affect antibiotic resistance rates underlining the importance of continued surveillance.</p>

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Antibiotic non-susceptibility associated serotypes of invasive pneumococcal disease - a nationwide population study from Switzerland, 2012–2022

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月5日

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  • Nicolaj Just,
  • Carlo Casanova,
  • Florent Baty,
  • Werner C. Albrich,
  • Markus Hilty

摘要

Introduction

It has been reported that the introduction of thirteen-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) had an influence on antibiotic resistance rates of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Recent data about antibiotic resistance in IPD are scarce. The aim of the current study was to analyse the impact of PCV13 introduction and COVID-19 pandemic on antibiotic resistance in IPD and the effects of antibiotic resistance on mortality. Furthermore, we correlate vaccine and non-vaccine serotypes with antibiotic resistance.

Methods

We included 8747 IPD cases from a Swiss nationwide IPD surveillance database for 2012–2022. Regression analyses were performed to examine significant trends over time and to identify serotypes and patient characteristics associated with antibiotic resistance.

Results

The proportion of non-susceptibility to erythromycin (IRR: 0.9, p < 0.001) and cotrimoxazole (IRR: 0.9, p < 0.001) decreased from 2012 to 2022. Penicillin non-susceptibility remained constant with a dip in 2022 (2012: 9.2%, 2022: 4.7%). PCV13 serotypes 6B, 9V, 14, 19A and 19F were significantly associated with non-susceptibility while the non-PCV13 serotype 15A, 23B, 24/F and 6C were associated with resistance to at least two antibiotic groups. Antibiotic non-susceptibility was not associated with death but meningitis was associated with penicillin non-susceptibility.

Conclusions

Antibiotic resistance in IPD decreased over time without increases during the COVID-19 pandemic, while a strong association between serotypes and antibiotic resistance persists. Introduction of vaccines with extended serotype coverage may further affect antibiotic resistance rates underlining the importance of continued surveillance.