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Background <p>Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is widely consumed as a flavor enhancer without regulatory limitations. However, experimental studies have raised concerns about its potential toxic effects on various organs.</p> Objective <p>This study aimed to evaluate the protective role of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) against MSG-induced oxidative stress in renal tissue by assessing the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxides (GPx) and the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats.</p> Methods <p>35 adult male rats were randomly assigned to five groups: control, sham (receiving normal saline and sesame oil as vehicle), MSG-treated (3&#xa0;g/kg), and two experimental groups receiving MSG plus CoQ10 at doses of 10&#xa0;mg/kg and 20&#xa0;mg/kg, respectively. All treatments were administered orally via gavage for four weeks. Blood samples were collected under anesthesia for biochemical analysis of BUN, creatinine, and uric acid using colorimetric methods. Kidney tissues were harvested for histopathological examination and enzymatic assays.</p> Results <p>MSG administration significantly increased serum levels of BUN, creatinine, uric acid, and MDA, while reducing the activity of SOD, catalase, and GPx compared to control and sham groups (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Histopathological analysis revealed marked renal damage, including congestion, inflammatory infiltration, tubular injury, vacuolization, intratubular casts, glomerular damage, expanded Bowman’s space, and tubular obstruction. Notably, CoQ10 at 20&#xa0;mg/kg significantly ameliorated both biochemical and histological markers of renal injury in MSG-treated rats (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05).</p> Conclusion <p>Co-administration of CoQ10 mitigates MSG-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress, suggesting its potential therapeutic application in protecting renal function against dietary MSG exposure.</p>

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CoQ10 Attenuates monosodium glutamate-induced nephrotoxicity in adult rats

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月9日

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  • Zahra Mohammadi,
  • Morteza Golbashirzadeh,
  • Atousa Moradzadegan

摘要

Background

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is widely consumed as a flavor enhancer without regulatory limitations. However, experimental studies have raised concerns about its potential toxic effects on various organs.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the protective role of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) against MSG-induced oxidative stress in renal tissue by assessing the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxides (GPx) and the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats.

Methods

35 adult male rats were randomly assigned to five groups: control, sham (receiving normal saline and sesame oil as vehicle), MSG-treated (3 g/kg), and two experimental groups receiving MSG plus CoQ10 at doses of 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg, respectively. All treatments were administered orally via gavage for four weeks. Blood samples were collected under anesthesia for biochemical analysis of BUN, creatinine, and uric acid using colorimetric methods. Kidney tissues were harvested for histopathological examination and enzymatic assays.

Results

MSG administration significantly increased serum levels of BUN, creatinine, uric acid, and MDA, while reducing the activity of SOD, catalase, and GPx compared to control and sham groups (P < 0.05). Histopathological analysis revealed marked renal damage, including congestion, inflammatory infiltration, tubular injury, vacuolization, intratubular casts, glomerular damage, expanded Bowman’s space, and tubular obstruction. Notably, CoQ10 at 20 mg/kg significantly ameliorated both biochemical and histological markers of renal injury in MSG-treated rats (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Co-administration of CoQ10 mitigates MSG-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress, suggesting its potential therapeutic application in protecting renal function against dietary MSG exposure.