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<p>Stroke is a leading global health challenge, contributing to mortality, disability, and cognitive decline. Modifiable risk factors, notably poor diet, drive its rising incidence. This review assesses the impact of adherence to the Mediterranean (MedDiet) and MIND diets on stroke incidence, severity, recovery, and prognosis. We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and other databases (inception to December 2024) for studies involving adults (≥ 18&#xa0;years) with stroke, comparing MedDiet or MIND diet to standard/no interventions. Primary outcomes included stroke incidence, severity (as measured by NIHSS), and recovery (as assessed by mRS); secondary outcomes comprised cognitive function (evaluated by MoCA and MMSE) and biomarkers (inflammation and neurodegeneration). Twenty-four studies (including RCTs, cohort, case–control, and cross-sectional designs) were analyzed. Higher adherence to the MedDiet reduced the risk of ischemic stroke by 21–30% (HR: 0.70–0.79, 95% CI: 0.53–0.92, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), lowered severity (β = -1.84, 95% CI: -3.15 to -0.52, p = 0.006), and improved recovery (OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.21–2.34, <i>p</i> = 0.002). The MIND diet slowed cognitive decline (β = 0.119, 95% CI: 0.039–0.199, <i>p</i> = 0.004) and reduced mortality (HR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.54–0.85, <i>p</i> = 0.002). Olive oil, nuts, and leafy greens were key contributors to the diet. Younger age and lower education predicted poor adherence. These diets show promise for stroke prevention and rehabilitation; however, further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms and optimize long-term strategies.</p>

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The role of Mediterranean and MIND diets in stroke incidence, severity, and recovery

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月29日

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  • Nicholas Aderinto,
  • Israel Charles Abraham,
  • Gbolahan Olatunji,
  • Emmanuel Kokori,
  • Aditya Gaur,
  • Ismaila Ajayi Yusuf,
  • Faith Adedayo Adejumo,
  • Joy Oluwagbohunmi Olatunbosun,
  • Florence Oluwatoyin Akintepede,
  • Oluwatomisin Priscilla Ogunsola,
  • Bieteti Sebastian UKPONG,
  • Oluwaseun Ibitoye Ibiyemi,
  • Adetola Emmanuel Babalola,
  • Deborah Conteh

摘要

Stroke is a leading global health challenge, contributing to mortality, disability, and cognitive decline. Modifiable risk factors, notably poor diet, drive its rising incidence. This review assesses the impact of adherence to the Mediterranean (MedDiet) and MIND diets on stroke incidence, severity, recovery, and prognosis. We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and other databases (inception to December 2024) for studies involving adults (≥ 18 years) with stroke, comparing MedDiet or MIND diet to standard/no interventions. Primary outcomes included stroke incidence, severity (as measured by NIHSS), and recovery (as assessed by mRS); secondary outcomes comprised cognitive function (evaluated by MoCA and MMSE) and biomarkers (inflammation and neurodegeneration). Twenty-four studies (including RCTs, cohort, case–control, and cross-sectional designs) were analyzed. Higher adherence to the MedDiet reduced the risk of ischemic stroke by 21–30% (HR: 0.70–0.79, 95% CI: 0.53–0.92, p < 0.01), lowered severity (β = -1.84, 95% CI: -3.15 to -0.52, p = 0.006), and improved recovery (OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.21–2.34, p = 0.002). The MIND diet slowed cognitive decline (β = 0.119, 95% CI: 0.039–0.199, p = 0.004) and reduced mortality (HR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.54–0.85, p = 0.002). Olive oil, nuts, and leafy greens were key contributors to the diet. Younger age and lower education predicted poor adherence. These diets show promise for stroke prevention and rehabilitation; however, further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms and optimize long-term strategies.