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Objectives <p>The relationship between metabolic dysregulation and frailty remains incompletely understood. This study examines the association between metabolic dysregulation and frailty in middle-aged and older adults.</p> Methods <p>Data from four cohorts (CHARLS, HRS, SHARE, MHAS) were analysed. Frailty was assessed using a 30-item deficit accumulation frailty index, treated as a continuous variable ranging from 0–100. Metabolic dysregulation was defined based on the presence of central obesity, high blood pressure, and/or hyperglycaemia, and was analysed both as a categorical count variable (0, 1, 2, or 3 dysregulations) and as specific combinations of individual metabolic components. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine associations, adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors.</p> Results <p>Among 416,693 participants, 63.7% had at least one metabolic dysregulation. A dose–response pattern was observed: β-values for frailty were 4.31 (95% CI: 4.22–4.40) for one dysregulation, 8.36 (95% CI: 8.24–8.49) for two, and 12.92 (95% CI: 12.79–13.16) for three. Hyperglycemia had the strongest effect, especially when combined with high blood pressure, and remained significant after adjustment.</p> Conclusion <p>Metabolic dysregulation synergistically accelerates frailty progression, underscoring the need for early intervention in metabolic disorders to prevent frailty.</p>

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Association between metabolic dysregulation and frailty in four prospective cohorts

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月18日

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  • Weiwei Sun,
  • Xiao ling Lang,
  • Ke Yi

摘要

Objectives

The relationship between metabolic dysregulation and frailty remains incompletely understood. This study examines the association between metabolic dysregulation and frailty in middle-aged and older adults.

Methods

Data from four cohorts (CHARLS, HRS, SHARE, MHAS) were analysed. Frailty was assessed using a 30-item deficit accumulation frailty index, treated as a continuous variable ranging from 0–100. Metabolic dysregulation was defined based on the presence of central obesity, high blood pressure, and/or hyperglycaemia, and was analysed both as a categorical count variable (0, 1, 2, or 3 dysregulations) and as specific combinations of individual metabolic components. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine associations, adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors.

Results

Among 416,693 participants, 63.7% had at least one metabolic dysregulation. A dose–response pattern was observed: β-values for frailty were 4.31 (95% CI: 4.22–4.40) for one dysregulation, 8.36 (95% CI: 8.24–8.49) for two, and 12.92 (95% CI: 12.79–13.16) for three. Hyperglycemia had the strongest effect, especially when combined with high blood pressure, and remained significant after adjustment.

Conclusion

Metabolic dysregulation synergistically accelerates frailty progression, underscoring the need for early intervention in metabolic disorders to prevent frailty.