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Background <p>Extension of healthy longevity is an important health program in long-lived countries like Japan. The Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese 2025 established tentative dietary goals for the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases; however, the adequate macronutrient energy ratios in a diet to support longevity remain unclear, particularly for the protein content. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between protein or amino acid intakes and healthy aging in the Japanese population.</p> Methods <p>Global Burden of Disease Study data and de-identified individual records in the National Health and Nutrition Survey Japan from 2001 to 2019 for subjects aged ≥ 20 years were used. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to assess the relationships between all-cause disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) as an index for healthy aging and protein or amino acid intakes, with adjustment for lifestyle factors and sociodemographic index as confounding factors.</p> Results <p>The mean DALYs (per 100,000 people) were 10287.91 for women and 12566.85 for men. Women exhibited no significant correlations between protein or amino acid intakes and DALYs. In men, significant negative correlations were observed for plant protein (partial regression coefficient [Coeff.] − 6063.267; <i>p</i> = 0.010), cysteine (Coeff. −127.575; <i>p</i> = 0.044), phenylalanine (Coeff. −38.506; <i>p</i> = 0.048), glutamic acid (Coeff. −12.184; <i>p</i> = 0.006), and proline (Coeff. −31.499; <i>p</i> = 0.010) intakes with DALYs after adjustment for sociodemographic index, drinking habit, smoking habit, and exercise habit.</p> Conclusions <p>Higher intakes of plant protein, cysteine, phenylalanine, glutamic acid, and proline were correlated with lower DALYs in men only. Adequate plant protein and specific amino acid intakes may be related to the extension of healthy life expectancy.</p>

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Association of dietary protein and amino acid intakes with all-cause disability-adjusted life years: cross-sectional analysis of the national health and nutrition survey in Japan

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月16日

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  • Kazuko Ishikawa-Takata,
  • Kazuki Fujiwara,
  • Takayuki Tanaka,
  • Keiji Nakamura,
  • Hisamine Kobayashi,
  • Shinobu Okada

摘要

Background

Extension of healthy longevity is an important health program in long-lived countries like Japan. The Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese 2025 established tentative dietary goals for the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases; however, the adequate macronutrient energy ratios in a diet to support longevity remain unclear, particularly for the protein content. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between protein or amino acid intakes and healthy aging in the Japanese population.

Methods

Global Burden of Disease Study data and de-identified individual records in the National Health and Nutrition Survey Japan from 2001 to 2019 for subjects aged ≥ 20 years were used. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to assess the relationships between all-cause disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) as an index for healthy aging and protein or amino acid intakes, with adjustment for lifestyle factors and sociodemographic index as confounding factors.

Results

The mean DALYs (per 100,000 people) were 10287.91 for women and 12566.85 for men. Women exhibited no significant correlations between protein or amino acid intakes and DALYs. In men, significant negative correlations were observed for plant protein (partial regression coefficient [Coeff.] − 6063.267; p = 0.010), cysteine (Coeff. −127.575; p = 0.044), phenylalanine (Coeff. −38.506; p = 0.048), glutamic acid (Coeff. −12.184; p = 0.006), and proline (Coeff. −31.499; p = 0.010) intakes with DALYs after adjustment for sociodemographic index, drinking habit, smoking habit, and exercise habit.

Conclusions

Higher intakes of plant protein, cysteine, phenylalanine, glutamic acid, and proline were correlated with lower DALYs in men only. Adequate plant protein and specific amino acid intakes may be related to the extension of healthy life expectancy.