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Background <p>Treatment of breast cancer by chemotherapy or radiotherapy exposes the patient to the risk of cardiotoxicity, which can be assessed pre-therapeutically using scores such as the <i>Heart Failure Association and International Cardio-Oncology Society</i> (HFA-ICOS) score. We aimed to evaluate the risk of cardiotoxicity using the HFA-ICOS score in a group of Cameroonian women before treatment of breast cancer by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy.</p> Methods <p>We conducted a cross-sectional analytic study using retrospective data collected from the Cardiology and Oncology departments at Yaounde Central Hospital and the Internal Medicine department at Yaounde General Hospital over an eight-year period, from 2017 to 2024, with a focus on the nine months from November 2023 to June 2024. Inclusion criteria consisted of patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. We performed a multivariate analysis to determine the factors associated with moderate and high risk of cardiotoxicity, with a significance threshold of <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05.</p> Results <p>Of the 130 patients recruited, the median age was 46.5 years (interquartile range, IQR, 36.75-58.00), with extremes of 21 and 76 years. Comorbidities mainly were overweight/obesity in 92 (70.7%) cases and arterial hypertension in 32 (24.6%) cases. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the main histological type, accounting for 126 (96.9%) cases, and triple-negative carcinoma was the most frequent molecular subtype, comprising 55 (42.3%) cases. Treatment consisted of exclusive chemotherapy in 96 (73.8%) cases and radiotherapy associated with chemotherapy in 27 (20.8%) cases. Based on the HFA-ICOS score, the cardiotoxicity risk was low in 93 (71.5%) patients. The independent factors associated with the risk of moderate to severe cardiotoxicity were age ≥ 60 years (adjusted OR: 5.97; 95% CI 1.73–20.60; adjusted <i>p</i> = 0.005), obesity (adjusted OR: 5.81; 95% CI 1.78–18.91; <i>p</i> = 0.003) and hypertension (adjusted OR: 27.10; 95% CI 7.51–97.76; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Exclusive chemotherapy was a protective factor (adjusted OR: 0.24; 95% CI 0.07–0.81; adjusted <i>p</i> = 0.021).</p> Conclusion <p>Women with breast cancer in Cameroon tend to be relatively young and present a low risk of cardiotoxicity before starting anti-cancer treatment.</p>

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Evaluation of the cardiotoxicity risk based on the HFA-ICOS score in a group of sub-Saharan African women before breast cancer treatment by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy: a cross-sectional study in a group of Cameroonian women

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月9日

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  • Chris Nadège Nganou-Gnindjio,
  • Etienne Atenguena Okobalemba,
  • Loic Alban Tasong,
  • Aude Marlène Zende,
  • Jules Thierry Elong,
  • Patricia Tumtchou,
  • Berthe Esson Mapoko,
  • Junie Annick Metogo,
  • Felix Essiben,
  • Bâ Hamadou

摘要

Background

Treatment of breast cancer by chemotherapy or radiotherapy exposes the patient to the risk of cardiotoxicity, which can be assessed pre-therapeutically using scores such as the Heart Failure Association and International Cardio-Oncology Society (HFA-ICOS) score. We aimed to evaluate the risk of cardiotoxicity using the HFA-ICOS score in a group of Cameroonian women before treatment of breast cancer by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional analytic study using retrospective data collected from the Cardiology and Oncology departments at Yaounde Central Hospital and the Internal Medicine department at Yaounde General Hospital over an eight-year period, from 2017 to 2024, with a focus on the nine months from November 2023 to June 2024. Inclusion criteria consisted of patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. We performed a multivariate analysis to determine the factors associated with moderate and high risk of cardiotoxicity, with a significance threshold of p ≤ 0.05.

Results

Of the 130 patients recruited, the median age was 46.5 years (interquartile range, IQR, 36.75-58.00), with extremes of 21 and 76 years. Comorbidities mainly were overweight/obesity in 92 (70.7%) cases and arterial hypertension in 32 (24.6%) cases. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the main histological type, accounting for 126 (96.9%) cases, and triple-negative carcinoma was the most frequent molecular subtype, comprising 55 (42.3%) cases. Treatment consisted of exclusive chemotherapy in 96 (73.8%) cases and radiotherapy associated with chemotherapy in 27 (20.8%) cases. Based on the HFA-ICOS score, the cardiotoxicity risk was low in 93 (71.5%) patients. The independent factors associated with the risk of moderate to severe cardiotoxicity were age ≥ 60 years (adjusted OR: 5.97; 95% CI 1.73–20.60; adjusted p = 0.005), obesity (adjusted OR: 5.81; 95% CI 1.78–18.91; p = 0.003) and hypertension (adjusted OR: 27.10; 95% CI 7.51–97.76; p < 0.001). Exclusive chemotherapy was a protective factor (adjusted OR: 0.24; 95% CI 0.07–0.81; adjusted p = 0.021).

Conclusion

Women with breast cancer in Cameroon tend to be relatively young and present a low risk of cardiotoxicity before starting anti-cancer treatment.