Scholarlink

Background <p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion, action, or both. As a major global health concern, its prevalence is rapidly increasing, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like Pakistan. This review aims to assess the epidemiological trends of DM in Pakistan, identify key risk factors, and explore diagnostic practices and preventive strategies.</p> Methods <p>A comprehensive literature review was conducted using peer-reviewed national and international publications from multiple databases. The review focused on the prevalence of DM in Pakistan, associated risk factors, urban–rural disparities, diagnostic criteria (ADA vs. WHO), complications, technological applications in disease management, and levels of awareness and treatment practices.</p> Results <p>The prevalence of DM in Pakistan increased significantly from 5.2 million adults in 2000 to approximately 33 million in 2021. Contributing factors include urbanization, sedentary lifestyles, poor dietary habits, and limited healthcare access, especially in rural regions. Urban areas showed higher detection rates, while rural areas exhibited significant barriers to diagnosis and management. Technological solutions, such as telemedicine and mobile health applications, offer promise but face obstacles like limited infrastructure and affordability. Diabetes-related complications particularly cardiovascular and kidney diseases—are widespread. Despite treatment availability, awareness and adherence remain low, with notable disparities between knowledge and practice.</p> Conclusion <p>Pakistan is facing an escalating diabetes epidemic influenced by both behavioral and systemic factors. Immediate action is needed to implement targeted public health interventions, improve healthcare accessibility, and promote awareness and lifestyle modification. Leveraging technology and aligning with standardized diagnostic frameworks may significantly enhance early detection and effective management, ultimately reducing the national burden of DM.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Diabetes mellitus in Pakistan: prevalence and preventive management strategies – a comprehensive literature review

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月24日

查看全文
  • Muhammad Ajmal Dina,
  • Anam Arshed,
  • Asifa karamat,
  • Muhammad Bilal,
  • Muhammad Shakeel Basit

摘要

Background

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion, action, or both. As a major global health concern, its prevalence is rapidly increasing, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like Pakistan. This review aims to assess the epidemiological trends of DM in Pakistan, identify key risk factors, and explore diagnostic practices and preventive strategies.

Methods

A comprehensive literature review was conducted using peer-reviewed national and international publications from multiple databases. The review focused on the prevalence of DM in Pakistan, associated risk factors, urban–rural disparities, diagnostic criteria (ADA vs. WHO), complications, technological applications in disease management, and levels of awareness and treatment practices.

Results

The prevalence of DM in Pakistan increased significantly from 5.2 million adults in 2000 to approximately 33 million in 2021. Contributing factors include urbanization, sedentary lifestyles, poor dietary habits, and limited healthcare access, especially in rural regions. Urban areas showed higher detection rates, while rural areas exhibited significant barriers to diagnosis and management. Technological solutions, such as telemedicine and mobile health applications, offer promise but face obstacles like limited infrastructure and affordability. Diabetes-related complications particularly cardiovascular and kidney diseases—are widespread. Despite treatment availability, awareness and adherence remain low, with notable disparities between knowledge and practice.

Conclusion

Pakistan is facing an escalating diabetes epidemic influenced by both behavioral and systemic factors. Immediate action is needed to implement targeted public health interventions, improve healthcare accessibility, and promote awareness and lifestyle modification. Leveraging technology and aligning with standardized diagnostic frameworks may significantly enhance early detection and effective management, ultimately reducing the national burden of DM.