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Background <p>Globally, the use of modern contraceptives has increased, yet progress remains slow in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly among reproductive-aged women. In Ghana, acceptance of family planning is influenced by personal, traditional, and socio-cultural factors. This study aimed to identify predictors of modern contraceptive acceptability and utilization among women of reproductive age attending selected health facilities in Northern Ghana, to inform policies and strategies for improving uptake.</p> Methods <p>A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2023 among 421 women aged 15–49 years, recruited through systematic random sampling across three public health facilities in the Tamale Metropolis. Data were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression in IBM SPSS version 25, with statistical significance set at <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05.</p> Results <p>While acceptability of modern contraceptives was relatively high (75.3%), actual utilization was lower (40.1%). More than half (57%) reported experiencing contraceptive failure. Key determinants of contraceptive utilization included age (21–30 years: AOR = 6.82, 95% CI: 1.25–37.09; 31–40 years: AOR = 10.91, 95% CI: 1.90–62.66), marital status (AOR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.05–0.74), paternal education (basic: AOR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.06–3.82; secondary: AOR = 2.86, 95% CI: 1.43–5.70), household wealth (medium: AOR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.18–3.16; rich: AOR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.34–3.61), and health worker attitudes (AOR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.14–0.36). Acceptability was predicted by occupation (civil servant: AOR = 4.47, 95% CI: 1.50–13.29; farmer: AOR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.00–4.55), husband’s number of wives (AOR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.10–0.29), household wealth (rich: AOR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.21–3.67), source of information (health workers: AOR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.35–4.20), and contraceptive knowledge (AOR = 3.67, 95% CI: 2.23–6.05).</p> Conclusions <p>Despite high acceptability, modern contraceptive use among women in Northern Ghana remains low. Utilization was shaped by demographic, socioeconomic, and provider-related factors, while acceptability was driven by occupation, knowledge, and exposure to health worker information. Targeted interventions should engage less educated, poorer, and married women, while also involving men in family planning decisions. Strengthening community-based sensitization and empowering women in reproductive health decision-making are crucial for inclusive and sustainable improvements in contraceptive uptake and for meeting global reproductive health goals.</p>

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Acceptability and utilization of modern contraceptives and associated factors among childbearing-aged women in Northern Ghana: a cross-sectional study

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月28日

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  • Mavis Kala,
  • Yula Salifu,
  • Joseph Lasong

摘要

Background

Globally, the use of modern contraceptives has increased, yet progress remains slow in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly among reproductive-aged women. In Ghana, acceptance of family planning is influenced by personal, traditional, and socio-cultural factors. This study aimed to identify predictors of modern contraceptive acceptability and utilization among women of reproductive age attending selected health facilities in Northern Ghana, to inform policies and strategies for improving uptake.

Methods

A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2023 among 421 women aged 15–49 years, recruited through systematic random sampling across three public health facilities in the Tamale Metropolis. Data were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression in IBM SPSS version 25, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.

Results

While acceptability of modern contraceptives was relatively high (75.3%), actual utilization was lower (40.1%). More than half (57%) reported experiencing contraceptive failure. Key determinants of contraceptive utilization included age (21–30 years: AOR = 6.82, 95% CI: 1.25–37.09; 31–40 years: AOR = 10.91, 95% CI: 1.90–62.66), marital status (AOR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.05–0.74), paternal education (basic: AOR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.06–3.82; secondary: AOR = 2.86, 95% CI: 1.43–5.70), household wealth (medium: AOR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.18–3.16; rich: AOR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.34–3.61), and health worker attitudes (AOR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.14–0.36). Acceptability was predicted by occupation (civil servant: AOR = 4.47, 95% CI: 1.50–13.29; farmer: AOR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.00–4.55), husband’s number of wives (AOR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.10–0.29), household wealth (rich: AOR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.21–3.67), source of information (health workers: AOR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.35–4.20), and contraceptive knowledge (AOR = 3.67, 95% CI: 2.23–6.05).

Conclusions

Despite high acceptability, modern contraceptive use among women in Northern Ghana remains low. Utilization was shaped by demographic, socioeconomic, and provider-related factors, while acceptability was driven by occupation, knowledge, and exposure to health worker information. Targeted interventions should engage less educated, poorer, and married women, while also involving men in family planning decisions. Strengthening community-based sensitization and empowering women in reproductive health decision-making are crucial for inclusive and sustainable improvements in contraceptive uptake and for meeting global reproductive health goals.