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Background <p>Classical Swine Fever (CSF), or swine cholera, is a highly acute, febrile, and contagious disease caused by the Classical Swine Fever virus (CSFV) in pigs.</p> Results <p>A total of 205,622 samples were collected from 689 pig farms defined as individual production units nationwide across 20 Chinese provinces/cities from January to December 2022. The results showed that at the sample level, the prevalence of CSFV was 0.25% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.22% − 0.27%). At the pig farm level, the prevalence of CSFV was 5.08% (95% CI: 3.44% − 6.72%). The risk factors for CSFV infection in pig farms included geographic distribution, quarter, and herd category variables. Eight different temporal groups with a high prevalence of CSFV were also found in China, with the highest prevalence occurring from August to September 2022. Tissue samples and oropharyngeal/nasal swabs showed superior detection rates (1.00% and 0.34%, respectively) and are thus recommended for CSFV surveillance.</p> Conclusions <p>In conclusion, this data complements the existing studies on the Chinese CSFV positive rate, risk factors, and temporal clustering. Our findings identify high-risk periods (August – September 2022) and regions (Northwest China), providing targeted strategies for CSFV control.</p>

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Epidemiological analysis, risk factors, and spatial-temporal clustering of classical swine fever virus in China

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月21日

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  • Wenchao Gao,
  • Qingyuan Liu,
  • Jiansheng Zhou,
  • Xiaoxue Jiang,
  • Qing Wang,
  • Yuntong Shi,
  • Xiaomin Liu,
  • Xia Liu,
  • Lili Wu,
  • Qin Zhao,
  • Xiaowen Li

摘要

Background

Classical Swine Fever (CSF), or swine cholera, is a highly acute, febrile, and contagious disease caused by the Classical Swine Fever virus (CSFV) in pigs.

Results

A total of 205,622 samples were collected from 689 pig farms defined as individual production units nationwide across 20 Chinese provinces/cities from January to December 2022. The results showed that at the sample level, the prevalence of CSFV was 0.25% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.22% − 0.27%). At the pig farm level, the prevalence of CSFV was 5.08% (95% CI: 3.44% − 6.72%). The risk factors for CSFV infection in pig farms included geographic distribution, quarter, and herd category variables. Eight different temporal groups with a high prevalence of CSFV were also found in China, with the highest prevalence occurring from August to September 2022. Tissue samples and oropharyngeal/nasal swabs showed superior detection rates (1.00% and 0.34%, respectively) and are thus recommended for CSFV surveillance.

Conclusions

In conclusion, this data complements the existing studies on the Chinese CSFV positive rate, risk factors, and temporal clustering. Our findings identify high-risk periods (August – September 2022) and regions (Northwest China), providing targeted strategies for CSFV control.