<p>This study aimed to evaluate the application of synthetized porcine follicle-stimulating hormone (spFSH) in combination with synthetized human chorionic gonadotropin (shCG) in inducing puberty in gilts, promoting estrus and ovulation in multiparous sows, and improving reproductive performance. In gilts, treatment with 30&#xa0;µg spFSH + 150 IU shCG advanced the onset of puberty to 160 ~ 175 days of age in 76.62% of gilts, with a significantly lower incidence of ovarian cysts compared to PMSG and PG600. Hormonal profiling demonstrated that the applied protocol successfully induced endocrine maturation in gilts to levels consistent with those characteristic of natural puberty. In multiparous sows, the estrus-inducing effect of 30&#xa0;µg spFSH + 150 IU shCG was comparable to PMSG and PG600 (400 IU PMSG and 200 IU hCG), while the incidence of ovarian cysts was significantly lower than in the PG600 group. This treatment significantly increased total piglets born per litter and reduced the number of days each piglet requires to be raised by a sow. When 300 IU shCG was used for ovulation induction, the farrowing rate significantly increased, and the number of days each piglet requires to be raised by a sow were further reduced. Hormonal analysis revealed that this treatment achieved physiological regulation of progesterone (P₄) levels, with endocrine changes better aligned with sow reproductive physiology. This study systematically evaluated the application value of spFSH in combination with shCG at different doses in the reproductive management of gilts and sows. The optimized combination significantly improved estrus expression and farrowing rates, reduced ovarian cyst incidence, improving economic efficiency, and enhanced reproductive efficiency.</p>