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Background <p>A high-quality diet is an important strategy for preventing chronic diseases, including cancer. The Nutrient Rich Food Score (NRFS) is a very useful index that can compare the value of key micronutrients and macronutrients per calorie. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship of this index with the risk of lung cancer based on gender for the first time.</p> Method <p>This paper is a hospital-based case-control study that includes 135 newly diagnosed lung cancer patient and 237 sex- and age-matched individuals in Iran. A 147-item food frequency questionnaire (147-item-FFQ) was used to assess participants’ dietary intake. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to assess the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of lung cancer by the Nutrient Rich Food Score tertiles.</p> Results <p>After adjustment for potential confounders, a high Nutrient-Rich Food Score was associated with a reduced risk of lung cancer (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.19–0.74). Consistent with the overall result, the protective association remained for men (OR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.08–0.61), while this relationship failed to reach significant level for women (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.16–1.32).</p> Conclusion <p>The results showed that a high NRFS is associated with a decrease in lung cancer risk. After stratifying by sex, the association was the same for men, but null among women.</p>

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The association between Nutrient-Rich food score (NRFS) and the odds of lung cancer risk: a case-control study in Iran

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月26日

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  • Milad Mohammadzadeh,
  • Fatemeh Abdi,
  • Saeid Hadi,
  • Vahid Hadi,
  • Amin Paydareh,
  • Alireza Bahrami,
  • Melika Mamaghanian,
  • Sharareh Seifi,
  • Ehsan Hejazi

摘要

Background

A high-quality diet is an important strategy for preventing chronic diseases, including cancer. The Nutrient Rich Food Score (NRFS) is a very useful index that can compare the value of key micronutrients and macronutrients per calorie. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship of this index with the risk of lung cancer based on gender for the first time.

Method

This paper is a hospital-based case-control study that includes 135 newly diagnosed lung cancer patient and 237 sex- and age-matched individuals in Iran. A 147-item food frequency questionnaire (147-item-FFQ) was used to assess participants’ dietary intake. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to assess the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of lung cancer by the Nutrient Rich Food Score tertiles.

Results

After adjustment for potential confounders, a high Nutrient-Rich Food Score was associated with a reduced risk of lung cancer (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.19–0.74). Consistent with the overall result, the protective association remained for men (OR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.08–0.61), while this relationship failed to reach significant level for women (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.16–1.32).

Conclusion

The results showed that a high NRFS is associated with a decrease in lung cancer risk. After stratifying by sex, the association was the same for men, but null among women.