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<p>Lettuce, a widely consumed raw vegetable, harbors leaf-associated microbial communities whose understanding and prediction are crucial for plant and human health. While environmental factors are known to strongly influence plant leaf microbiomes, the role of plant-specific determinants in shaping microbial diversity remains unclear. In this study, we investigated how three key plant factors -genetic distance, plant variety and leaf micro- and macronutrient content- influence the composition and diversity of lettuce leaf bacterial communities, by analyzing 131 fully-sequenced <i>Lactuca sativa</i> genotypes via 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Our findings revealed that variety, as defined by breeders, exerts a greater influence on bacterial community diversity than genetic distance or variations in leaf nutrient levels. Together with available and detailed shoot traits they explained 13.4% of the observed bacterial diversity. Inspection of 9 specific leaf morphological traits, with further validation by MAGs analysis, showed that heart formation, head height, and venation types significantly shaped bacterial richness and evenness, mainly acting on non-hub members. These results highlight the strong relationship between leaf morphology and bacterial community structure, suggesting that phenotypic traits play an outsized but understudied role in shaping the leaf microbiota, a crucial aspect of the edible microbiome.</p>

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Plant phenotypic differentiation outweighs genetic variation in shaping the lettuce leaf microbiota

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月30日

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  • Arianna Capparotto,
  • Guillaume Chesneau,
  • Alessandra Tondello,
  • Esteban Orellana,
  • Piergiorgio Stevanato,
  • Tiziano Bonato,
  • Andrea Squartini,
  • Stéphane Hacquard,
  • Marco Giovannetti

摘要

Lettuce, a widely consumed raw vegetable, harbors leaf-associated microbial communities whose understanding and prediction are crucial for plant and human health. While environmental factors are known to strongly influence plant leaf microbiomes, the role of plant-specific determinants in shaping microbial diversity remains unclear. In this study, we investigated how three key plant factors -genetic distance, plant variety and leaf micro- and macronutrient content- influence the composition and diversity of lettuce leaf bacterial communities, by analyzing 131 fully-sequenced Lactuca sativa genotypes via 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Our findings revealed that variety, as defined by breeders, exerts a greater influence on bacterial community diversity than genetic distance or variations in leaf nutrient levels. Together with available and detailed shoot traits they explained 13.4% of the observed bacterial diversity. Inspection of 9 specific leaf morphological traits, with further validation by MAGs analysis, showed that heart formation, head height, and venation types significantly shaped bacterial richness and evenness, mainly acting on non-hub members. These results highlight the strong relationship between leaf morphology and bacterial community structure, suggesting that phenotypic traits play an outsized but understudied role in shaping the leaf microbiota, a crucial aspect of the edible microbiome.