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Background <p>Karst rocky desertification poses a serious threat to the ecosystems of southwest China, where <i>Hypnum leptothallum</i> plays a crucial role in forming microbial crusts essential for restoration. However, the use of native microbial applications in this area remains largely unexplored.</p> Results <p>In this study, the host-associated microbial communities of <i>H. leptothallum</i> from four severely desertified regions in Guizhou Province were characterized using high-throughput sequencing. The results revealed conserved α- and β-diversity, with dominant bacterial phyla being <i>Pseudomonadota</i> (34–47%) and <i>Actinomycetota</i> (23–35%), and fungal phyla being <i>Ascomycota</i> (57–83%) and <i>Basidiomycota</i> (14–32%). Subsequent carbon-source preference analysis guided the formulation of specialized media (e.g., α-D-lactose, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine) to isolate culturable strains, with cross-referencing identifying 14 bacterial and 36 fungal species consistently shared between sequencing and cultivation. Functional evaluation demonstrated bacterial dominance in inorganic phosphorus solubilization (68% of strains), protease synthesis (76%), ammonia production (56%), and indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis (62%), while fungi excelled in organophosphorus solubilization. Further drought tolerance and gametophyte co-culture assays identified 10 drought-resistant bacterial strains and 16 strains significantly enhancing <i>H. leptothallum</i> growth within 7&#xa0;days.</p> Conclusions <p>These functionally validated strains, particularly drought-adapted and growth-stimulating species closely related to <i>Rhodococcus erythropolis</i>, provide targeted microbial resources for developing synthetic inoculants to optimize artificial crust propagation in karst restoration.</p>

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Exploring the diversity and potential of host-associated microorganisms in Hypnum leptothallum to enhance plant resilience to drought stress for karst desertification restoration

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月24日

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  • Shasha Wu,
  • Yihong Xiang,
  • Xiaofan Chen,
  • Yueyan Lu,
  • Yubi Li,
  • Zheyu He,
  • Qianya Zuo,
  • Wei Cao,
  • Jiaojiao Qu

摘要

Background

Karst rocky desertification poses a serious threat to the ecosystems of southwest China, where Hypnum leptothallum plays a crucial role in forming microbial crusts essential for restoration. However, the use of native microbial applications in this area remains largely unexplored.

Results

In this study, the host-associated microbial communities of H. leptothallum from four severely desertified regions in Guizhou Province were characterized using high-throughput sequencing. The results revealed conserved α- and β-diversity, with dominant bacterial phyla being Pseudomonadota (34–47%) and Actinomycetota (23–35%), and fungal phyla being Ascomycota (57–83%) and Basidiomycota (14–32%). Subsequent carbon-source preference analysis guided the formulation of specialized media (e.g., α-D-lactose, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine) to isolate culturable strains, with cross-referencing identifying 14 bacterial and 36 fungal species consistently shared between sequencing and cultivation. Functional evaluation demonstrated bacterial dominance in inorganic phosphorus solubilization (68% of strains), protease synthesis (76%), ammonia production (56%), and indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis (62%), while fungi excelled in organophosphorus solubilization. Further drought tolerance and gametophyte co-culture assays identified 10 drought-resistant bacterial strains and 16 strains significantly enhancing H. leptothallum growth within 7 days.

Conclusions

These functionally validated strains, particularly drought-adapted and growth-stimulating species closely related to Rhodococcus erythropolis, provide targeted microbial resources for developing synthetic inoculants to optimize artificial crust propagation in karst restoration.