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Purpose <p>This study aims to develop and evaluate a dental implant drill system capable of preventing maxillary sinus membrane perforation, a common complication in cases with limited alveolar bone height, particularly in the maxillary molar region. The primary objective is to design a mechanism that autonomously detects changes in bone quality and halts drill rotation upon reaching the sinus floor.</p> Methods <p>A novel dental implant drill incorporating an integrated bone quality detection mechanism was developed. The system includes a centrally mounted detector that actuates a switch controlling drill rotation. When cortical bone is penetrated and softer tissue is encountered, the detector extends outward, interrupting power to the motor. A penetration test was conducted using a 5&#xa0;mm thick wooden board as a surrogate bone model to evaluate the drill’s response to cortical penetration.</p> Results <p>Experimental trials demonstrated that the drill automatically ceased rotation upon advancing approximately 0.47 mm beyond a simulated bone surface. Given that the maxillary sinus membrane is typically less than 1&#xa0;mm in thickness, this minimal protrusion indicates a significantly reduced risk of perforation.</p> Conclusion <p>The proposed drill system effectively detects transitions in bone quality and prevents over-penetration, offering a promising solution for enhancing surgical safety during maxillary implant procedures.</p>

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Development of dental implant drill with detection mechanism of bone quality change

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月21日

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  • Takahiro Nozaki,
  • Seiji Asoda,
  • Soya Shimizu,
  • Ryo Kondo,
  • Koji Niwa,
  • Masaki Yazawa,
  • Kazuo Kishi,
  • Hiromasa Kawana

摘要

Purpose

This study aims to develop and evaluate a dental implant drill system capable of preventing maxillary sinus membrane perforation, a common complication in cases with limited alveolar bone height, particularly in the maxillary molar region. The primary objective is to design a mechanism that autonomously detects changes in bone quality and halts drill rotation upon reaching the sinus floor.

Methods

A novel dental implant drill incorporating an integrated bone quality detection mechanism was developed. The system includes a centrally mounted detector that actuates a switch controlling drill rotation. When cortical bone is penetrated and softer tissue is encountered, the detector extends outward, interrupting power to the motor. A penetration test was conducted using a 5 mm thick wooden board as a surrogate bone model to evaluate the drill’s response to cortical penetration.

Results

Experimental trials demonstrated that the drill automatically ceased rotation upon advancing approximately 0.47 mm beyond a simulated bone surface. Given that the maxillary sinus membrane is typically less than 1 mm in thickness, this minimal protrusion indicates a significantly reduced risk of perforation.

Conclusion

The proposed drill system effectively detects transitions in bone quality and prevents over-penetration, offering a promising solution for enhancing surgical safety during maxillary implant procedures.