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<p>This study reports a previously overlooked phenomenon in the green synthesis of graphene-based materials: a significant mass gain during the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) using olive leaf extract (OLE). While spectroscopic analyses (UV–Vis, FTIR) confirm effective reduction, the mass of the final product exceeded that of the starting graphite, with yields reaching up to 1.17&#xa0;g of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) per 1.0&#xa0;g of graphite. This apparent contradiction—reduction accompanied by mass increase—suggests that the process involves more than oxygen removal; we propose that polyphenolic compounds from the extract concurrently functionalize the carbon lattice. This work shifts the paradigm from viewing plant extracts solely as reducing agents to recognizing their potential as multifunctional modifiers in nanomaterial synthesis.</p>

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Beyond reduction: observed mass gain in graphene oxide during eco-friendly processing with bio-reductants

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月28日

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  • Lujain Moazeen,
  • Ayman Al massri

摘要

This study reports a previously overlooked phenomenon in the green synthesis of graphene-based materials: a significant mass gain during the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) using olive leaf extract (OLE). While spectroscopic analyses (UV–Vis, FTIR) confirm effective reduction, the mass of the final product exceeded that of the starting graphite, with yields reaching up to 1.17 g of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) per 1.0 g of graphite. This apparent contradiction—reduction accompanied by mass increase—suggests that the process involves more than oxygen removal; we propose that polyphenolic compounds from the extract concurrently functionalize the carbon lattice. This work shifts the paradigm from viewing plant extracts solely as reducing agents to recognizing their potential as multifunctional modifiers in nanomaterial synthesis.