Some physical properties of Sn5Ge10Se85-xPbx; (x = 2.5, 5, 10, 15 17.5 and 20 at. %) chalcogenide glasses, namely average coordination number (CN), deviation of stoichiometry (r), floppy modes (f), cross-linking density (X), average number of constraints (Ncon), lone pair electrons (Lp), overall mean bond energy ( < E˃), and average heat of atomization (Hs), are depicted. The experimental and theoretical values of the optical band gap Eop for different contents of Pb were found to be very close to each other. The dispersion properties, such as complex dielectric function <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40712_2025_314_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="12" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\widetilde{\varepsilon }$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mover accent="true"> <mi>ε</mi> <mo stretchy="false">~</mo> </mover> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, optical conductivity <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40712_2025_314_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="24" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">${\sigma }_{op}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>σ</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">op</mi> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, single oscillator Eo, and dispersion energies Ed, are investigated. On the other hand, electrical conductivity is studied. Our results are based on the Tauc equation, Wemple and Di-Domenico (WDD) model, Pankove method, Tichy and Ticha relationship, and Miller’s rule. The values of the first-order χ(1) and third-order χ(3) of optical susceptibility and the nonlinear refractive index (n2) were found to increase with the increase of Pb content, which has a maximum value, hence decreasing thereafter with the increase of the latter.

Impact of lead concentration on linear and nonlinear optical parameters of amorphous chalcogenide Sn-Ge-Se system

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2025年8月4日

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M. M. Abd El Raheem,
M. M. Wakkad,
H. A. Mohamed,
N. A. Hamed,
H. F. Mohamed

摘要

Some physical properties of Sn₅Ge₁₀Se_85-xPb_x; (x = 2.5, 5, 10, 15 17.5 and 20 at. %) chalcogenide glasses, namely average coordination number (CN), deviation of stoichiometry (r), floppy modes (f), cross-linking density (X), average number of constraints (Ncon), lone pair electrons (Lp), overall mean bond energy ( < E˃), and average heat of atomization (Hs), are depicted. The experimental and theoretical values of the optical band gap E_op for different contents of Pb were found to be very close to each other. The dispersion properties, such as complex dielectric function $\widetilde{\varepsilon }$ $\tilde{ε}$ , optical conductivity ${\sigma }_{op}$ $σ_{op}$ , single oscillator E_o, and dispersion energies E_d, are investigated. On the other hand, electrical conductivity is studied. Our results are based on the Tauc equation, Wemple and Di-Domenico (WDD) model, Pankove method, Tichy and Ticha relationship, and Miller’s rule. The values of the first-order χ⁽¹⁾ and third-order χ⁽³⁾ of optical susceptibility and the nonlinear refractive index (n₂) were found to increase with the increase of Pb content, which has a maximum value, hence decreasing thereafter with the increase of the latter.