<p>Stable carbon isotopic compositions of amino acids (<i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C<sub>AA</sub>) in organisms potentially record information on carbon sources and flow in food webs. In this study, we report <i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C values of 16 proteinogenic amino acids in marine consumers and evaluate their changes associated with the trophic transfer by using a newly developed analytical method based on multidimensional preparative liquid chromatography and elemental analysis with isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. Our targets in this study are cultured black rockfish (<i>Sebastes melanops</i>) and its isotopically-known diet, as well as wild blue mackerel (<i>Scomber australasicus</i>) as a representative marine consumer. <i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C values of AAs in marine consumers have a variation as large as 30‰, with glycine, serine, and threonine being most <sup>13</sup>C-enriched and leucine and phenylalanine being most <sup>13</sup>C-depleted. On the other hand, the <i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C<sub>AA</sub> variation among species is relatively small, showing that <i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C values of amino acids in marine organisms are mainly determined by their central biochemical pathways rather than species-specific processes. The <i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C<sub>AA</sub> differences (Δ<sup>13</sup>C = <i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C<sub>consumer</sub>&#xa0;−&#xa0;<i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C<sub>diet</sub>) between the cultured fish and its diet are small for most amino acids (−&#xa0;0.6‰ on average), with two amino acids synthesized from glycolytic intermediates, serine (+ 4.4‰) and alanine (−&#xa0;2.6‰), having the largest positive and negative deviation, respectively. It indicates a larger extent of de novo synthesis of glycolytic amino acids in fish. Some essential amino acids also show small but significant Δ<sup>13</sup>C, like threonine (+ 1.7‰) and methionine (−&#xa0;2.4‰). In summary, this study provides a new assessment of <i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C compositions of amino acids in marine consumers and their changes during the trophic transfer, covering a nearly complete set of proteinogenic amino acids. It should offer significant refinements for future studies.</p><p></p>

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Carbon isotopic changes of 16 proteinogenic amino acids during trophic transfer in a cultured marine consumer

  • Yuchen Sun,
  • Naoto F. Ishikawa,
  • Nanako O. Ogawa,
  • Yoshinori Takano,
  • Naohiko Ohkouchi

摘要

Stable carbon isotopic compositions of amino acids (δ13CAA) in organisms potentially record information on carbon sources and flow in food webs. In this study, we report δ13C values of 16 proteinogenic amino acids in marine consumers and evaluate their changes associated with the trophic transfer by using a newly developed analytical method based on multidimensional preparative liquid chromatography and elemental analysis with isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. Our targets in this study are cultured black rockfish (Sebastes melanops) and its isotopically-known diet, as well as wild blue mackerel (Scomber australasicus) as a representative marine consumer. δ13C values of AAs in marine consumers have a variation as large as 30‰, with glycine, serine, and threonine being most 13C-enriched and leucine and phenylalanine being most 13C-depleted. On the other hand, the δ13CAA variation among species is relatively small, showing that δ13C values of amino acids in marine organisms are mainly determined by their central biochemical pathways rather than species-specific processes. The δ13CAA differences (Δ13C = δ13Cconsumer − δ13Cdiet) between the cultured fish and its diet are small for most amino acids (− 0.6‰ on average), with two amino acids synthesized from glycolytic intermediates, serine (+ 4.4‰) and alanine (− 2.6‰), having the largest positive and negative deviation, respectively. It indicates a larger extent of de novo synthesis of glycolytic amino acids in fish. Some essential amino acids also show small but significant Δ13C, like threonine (+ 1.7‰) and methionine (− 2.4‰). In summary, this study provides a new assessment of δ13C compositions of amino acids in marine consumers and their changes during the trophic transfer, covering a nearly complete set of proteinogenic amino acids. It should offer significant refinements for future studies.