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<p>This study evaluated the antioxidant potential of a three-component mixture derived from <i>Crocus sativus L.</i> stigmas, leaves, and tepals, aiming to valorize these underutilized by-products. Hydroethanolic extracts were chemically profiled using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode-Array Detection (HPLC-DAD), identifying major bioactive compounds including crocin (11.04%), rutin (22.32%), and ellagic acid (62.47%). Antioxidant capacity was assessed using DPPH and ABTS assays, yielding IC<sub>50</sub> values ranging from 88.67 ± 0.83 <i>µ</i>g/mL to 291.41 ± 0.91 <i>µ</i>g/mL for DPPH, and from 116.76 ± 1.31 <i>µ</i>g/mL to 286.87 ± 0.25 <i>µ</i>g/mL for ABTS. A simplex-centroid mixture design was employed to determine optimal component ratios. The best-performing DPPH mixture (43% stigmas, 35% leaves, 22% tepals) achieved an IC<sub>50</sub> of 97.36 ± 1.23 <i>µ</i>g/mL, closely matching the predicted 95.96 <i>µ</i>g/mL. Similarly, the optimal ABTS blend (45% stigmas, 35% leaves, 20% tepals) reached an IC<sub>50</sub> of 110.59 ± 6.82 <i>µ</i>g/mL, aligning with the predicted 106.31 <i>µ</i>g/mL. Both combinations outperformed standard antioxidants like BHT and ascorbic acid. These findings support the synergistic use of saffron by-products in food preservation, nutraceuticals, and biopharmaceuticals, offering an eco-friendly, cost-effective solution aligned with circular economy principles.</p>

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Optimized formulation of a three-component extract mixture from Moroccan Crocus sativus L. (Stigmas, leaves, and Tepals) for enhanced antioxidant activity

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月1日

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  • Abdellah Baraich,
  • Amine Elbouzidi,
  • Mohamed Jeddi,
  • Mohamed Taibi,
  • Mounir Haddou,
  • Naoufal El Hachlafi,
  • Reda Bellaouchi,
  • Ramzi A. Mothana,
  • Mohammed F. Hawwal,
  • Mohamed Addi,
  • Larbi Rhazi,
  • Redouane Benabbes,
  • Abdeslam Asehraou,
  • Bassem Jaouadi,
  • Ennouamane Saalaoui

摘要

This study evaluated the antioxidant potential of a three-component mixture derived from Crocus sativus L. stigmas, leaves, and tepals, aiming to valorize these underutilized by-products. Hydroethanolic extracts were chemically profiled using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode-Array Detection (HPLC-DAD), identifying major bioactive compounds including crocin (11.04%), rutin (22.32%), and ellagic acid (62.47%). Antioxidant capacity was assessed using DPPH and ABTS assays, yielding IC50 values ranging from 88.67 ± 0.83 µg/mL to 291.41 ± 0.91 µg/mL for DPPH, and from 116.76 ± 1.31 µg/mL to 286.87 ± 0.25 µg/mL for ABTS. A simplex-centroid mixture design was employed to determine optimal component ratios. The best-performing DPPH mixture (43% stigmas, 35% leaves, 22% tepals) achieved an IC50 of 97.36 ± 1.23 µg/mL, closely matching the predicted 95.96 µg/mL. Similarly, the optimal ABTS blend (45% stigmas, 35% leaves, 20% tepals) reached an IC50 of 110.59 ± 6.82 µg/mL, aligning with the predicted 106.31 µg/mL. Both combinations outperformed standard antioxidants like BHT and ascorbic acid. These findings support the synergistic use of saffron by-products in food preservation, nutraceuticals, and biopharmaceuticals, offering an eco-friendly, cost-effective solution aligned with circular economy principles.