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<p>The Tatun Volcano Group (TVG), close to the densely populated Taipei metropolitan region in Northern Taiwan, is an active volcanic system and location of numerous microearthquakes. Studies have reported the presence of volcanic fluids beneath the TVG surface, but how the activity of these fluids changes over time and influences local microearthquakes remains unclear. This study investigates the temporary contributions of the fluids to the occurrence of earthquakes to assess the time-varying risk of volcanic activity in the Tatun Volcano Group. To reveal the underlying triggering mechanisms for earthquakes, we integrate seismic behavior indicative of fluid involvement—high earthquake <i>b</i>-value—with physical properties reflective of fluid presence in the seismogenic zone—anomalous ratios of <i>P</i>- to <i>S</i>-wave velocity (<i>Vp/Vs</i>) relative to consolidated sediments. We calculated <i>b</i>-values by using data from the 2014–2021 local earthquake catalog and extracted <i>Vp/Vs</i> ratios from a four-dimensional velocity model at 12,624 relocated hypocenters. Considerable temporary variations in both these values suggest the following: (1) stress perturbations and volcanic gas intrusions both triggered most earthquakes during the period up to 2016; (2) volcanic gases dominated the triggering process of most earthquakes in 2017; (3) water migration in the hydrothermal system was involved in nearly half of the earthquakes in 2018, and (4) stress perturbations influenced most earthquakes in 2019 and later. This study deciphers the dynamic nature of the fluids in the TVG and improves the current understanding of volcanic risk near Taipei.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Insights from seismic behavior and seismogenic properties into temporary variations of triggering mechanisms underlying earthquakes at the Tatun Volcano Group in Northern Taiwan

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月24日

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  • Hsin-Chieh Pu,
  • Cheng-Horng Lin,
  • Ya-Chuan Lai,
  • Min-Hung Shih

摘要

The Tatun Volcano Group (TVG), close to the densely populated Taipei metropolitan region in Northern Taiwan, is an active volcanic system and location of numerous microearthquakes. Studies have reported the presence of volcanic fluids beneath the TVG surface, but how the activity of these fluids changes over time and influences local microearthquakes remains unclear. This study investigates the temporary contributions of the fluids to the occurrence of earthquakes to assess the time-varying risk of volcanic activity in the Tatun Volcano Group. To reveal the underlying triggering mechanisms for earthquakes, we integrate seismic behavior indicative of fluid involvement—high earthquake b-value—with physical properties reflective of fluid presence in the seismogenic zone—anomalous ratios of P- to S-wave velocity (Vp/Vs) relative to consolidated sediments. We calculated b-values by using data from the 2014–2021 local earthquake catalog and extracted Vp/Vs ratios from a four-dimensional velocity model at 12,624 relocated hypocenters. Considerable temporary variations in both these values suggest the following: (1) stress perturbations and volcanic gas intrusions both triggered most earthquakes during the period up to 2016; (2) volcanic gases dominated the triggering process of most earthquakes in 2017; (3) water migration in the hydrothermal system was involved in nearly half of the earthquakes in 2018, and (4) stress perturbations influenced most earthquakes in 2019 and later. This study deciphers the dynamic nature of the fluids in the TVG and improves the current understanding of volcanic risk near Taipei.

Graphical abstract