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<p>The diurnal cycle of SST (DSST) has a significant influence on the intraseasonal SST variability (SST–ISV), as do the associated air–sea fluxes and atmospheric variability. However, current climate models often fail to accurately represent the DSST and its role in the ocean–atmosphere system. Here, we present the first global assessment of the DSST influence on the SST–ISV and its seasonality. Our analysis reveals that the DSST predominantly amplifies the SST–ISV across most regions, with peak contributions exceeding 25% in the equatorial eastern Indian Ocean. Conversely, in areas dominated by strong ocean mesoscale and frontal-scale processes, the DSST exerts a dampening effect on the SST–ISV. The global distribution and seasonality of the DSST contribution are determined mainly by the intraseasonal air–sea interaction processes. These findings highlight the importance of DSST in the ocean–atmosphere system and indicate that incorporating realistic DSST parameterization can enhance the accuracy of climate simulations and predictions.</p>

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Global maps of the influence of the SST diurnal cycle on intraseasonal SST variability

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月21日

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  • Yunwei Yan,
  • Wenqing Li,
  • Xiangzhou Song,
  • Lei Zhang,
  • Xiaojing Li,
  • Zhi Chen

摘要

The diurnal cycle of SST (DSST) has a significant influence on the intraseasonal SST variability (SST–ISV), as do the associated air–sea fluxes and atmospheric variability. However, current climate models often fail to accurately represent the DSST and its role in the ocean–atmosphere system. Here, we present the first global assessment of the DSST influence on the SST–ISV and its seasonality. Our analysis reveals that the DSST predominantly amplifies the SST–ISV across most regions, with peak contributions exceeding 25% in the equatorial eastern Indian Ocean. Conversely, in areas dominated by strong ocean mesoscale and frontal-scale processes, the DSST exerts a dampening effect on the SST–ISV. The global distribution and seasonality of the DSST contribution are determined mainly by the intraseasonal air–sea interaction processes. These findings highlight the importance of DSST in the ocean–atmosphere system and indicate that incorporating realistic DSST parameterization can enhance the accuracy of climate simulations and predictions.