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Background <p>The potato tuber moth (PTM), <i>Phthorimaea operculella</i>, poses a significant threat to potato cultivation in tropical and subtropical regions. Chemical control, though widely used, poses risks to human and environmental health, necessitating safer alternatives. This study investigated eco-friendly alternatives by synthesizing silver (AgNPs) and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) using abscisic acid (ABA).</p> Results <p>Characterization through UV–vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and zeta potential analysis confirmed the successful synthesis of AgNPs with a uniform size of 35.8&#xa0;nm and a plasmon resonance at 430&#xa0;nm. CuONPs displayed a porous, rugby sheet-like structure, with a thickness of 68.5&#xa0;nm and a 290&#xa0;nm absorption peak. The effectiveness of the nanoparticles against PTM larvae was assessed through larval spraying and leaf-dipping. Larval spraying outperformed leaf-dipping, with median lethal concentration (LC<sub>50</sub>) values of 670&#xa0;mg/L for AgNPs and 1320&#xa0;mg/L for CuONPs. AgNPs and CuONPs significantly altered digestive enzyme activities in treated PTM larvae, reducing α-amylase, β-glucosidase, lipase, protease, and trypsin, and increasing acid phosphatase activity. Histological studies revealed damage to the larvae's midgut epithelial layer and peritrophic membrane, resulting in nuclei dispersion.</p> Conclusions <p>Our study shows a cost-effective, minimal-impact strategy for synthesizing AgNPs and CuONPs, which can serve as a potential approach for managing PTM.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Physiological, biochemical and histological effects of abscisic acid-synthesized silver and copper oxide nanoparticles on the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月10日

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  • Amr S. Abou El-Ela,
  • Chao Zhang,
  • Asim Munawar,
  • Xuan Chen,
  • Yixin Zhang,
  • Eric Siaw Ntiri,
  • Modhi O. Alotaibi,
  • Amr Elkelish,
  • Suhailah S. Aljameel,
  • Wenwu Zhou,
  • Zeng-Rong Zhu

摘要

Background

The potato tuber moth (PTM), Phthorimaea operculella, poses a significant threat to potato cultivation in tropical and subtropical regions. Chemical control, though widely used, poses risks to human and environmental health, necessitating safer alternatives. This study investigated eco-friendly alternatives by synthesizing silver (AgNPs) and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) using abscisic acid (ABA).

Results

Characterization through UV–vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and zeta potential analysis confirmed the successful synthesis of AgNPs with a uniform size of 35.8 nm and a plasmon resonance at 430 nm. CuONPs displayed a porous, rugby sheet-like structure, with a thickness of 68.5 nm and a 290 nm absorption peak. The effectiveness of the nanoparticles against PTM larvae was assessed through larval spraying and leaf-dipping. Larval spraying outperformed leaf-dipping, with median lethal concentration (LC50) values of 670 mg/L for AgNPs and 1320 mg/L for CuONPs. AgNPs and CuONPs significantly altered digestive enzyme activities in treated PTM larvae, reducing α-amylase, β-glucosidase, lipase, protease, and trypsin, and increasing acid phosphatase activity. Histological studies revealed damage to the larvae's midgut epithelial layer and peritrophic membrane, resulting in nuclei dispersion.

Conclusions

Our study shows a cost-effective, minimal-impact strategy for synthesizing AgNPs and CuONPs, which can serve as a potential approach for managing PTM.

Graphical abstract