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Objective <p>Current social cognition assessments often yield global summary scores that obscure clinically meaningful variability across subcomponents. This study proposes a multilevel interpretive framework for the Social Cognition Battery (Batterie de Cognition Sociale, BCS-Greco) that enables fine-grained analysis of facial emotion recognition, mental state inference, and theory of mind reasoning.</p> Method <p>Analyses were based on partially overlapping normative samples of healthy French-speaking adults (age range: 20–69 years) who completed facial emotion recognition (FER/IDEMO; <i>n</i> = 155), Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET; <i>n</i> = 175), and theory of mind (ToM) tasks assessing first-order and second-order belief attribution as well as faux pas recognition (<i>n</i> = 129–145; adapted from Baron-Cohen, 2000). A data-driven stratification approach identified optimal normative groupings based on empirically observed age and sex effects. Scoring dimensions included emotion-specific accuracy, intensity-dependent performance profiles, systematic misattribution patterns (confusion matrices), response latencies, and ToM subcomponents by inferential order and cognitive dimension.</p> Results <p>Age-related decline emerged for anger and fear recognition (<i>p</i> = .001) but not for joy or disgust, which showed ceiling effects. Response times revealed nonlinear age trajectories, with adults aged 50–59 demonstrating longer latencies than those over 60 (<i>p</i> &lt; .001). Older adults (60+) exhibited significantly elevated misattribution rates (<i>p</i> = .008), whereas a descriptive tendency toward higher anger-disgust confusion in young men did not reach significance after correction for within-participant clustering. Theory of mind performance remained stable across age groups, with significant differentiation across inferential orders (<i>p</i> &lt; .001) and cognitive dimensions (<i>p</i> &lt; .001).</p> Conclusions <p>This multidimensional framework provides normative benchmarks that may enhance clinical utility by enabling identification of emotion-specific performance profiles, detection of processing efficiency variations through response latencies, and characterization of systematic error patterns; thereby extending the interpretive precision of well-validated instruments whose clinical sensitivity has been established across neurological and psychiatric populations.</p>

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A multidimensional normative framework for fine-grained social cognition assessment with the BCS-Greco

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月7日

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  • Arthur Trognon,
  • Nami Koïdé,
  • Natacha Stortini,
  • Coralie Duman,
  • Loann Mahdar-Recorbet,
  • Alizée Poli,
  • Hamza Altakroury

摘要

Objective

Current social cognition assessments often yield global summary scores that obscure clinically meaningful variability across subcomponents. This study proposes a multilevel interpretive framework for the Social Cognition Battery (Batterie de Cognition Sociale, BCS-Greco) that enables fine-grained analysis of facial emotion recognition, mental state inference, and theory of mind reasoning.

Method

Analyses were based on partially overlapping normative samples of healthy French-speaking adults (age range: 20–69 years) who completed facial emotion recognition (FER/IDEMO; n = 155), Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET; n = 175), and theory of mind (ToM) tasks assessing first-order and second-order belief attribution as well as faux pas recognition (n = 129–145; adapted from Baron-Cohen, 2000). A data-driven stratification approach identified optimal normative groupings based on empirically observed age and sex effects. Scoring dimensions included emotion-specific accuracy, intensity-dependent performance profiles, systematic misattribution patterns (confusion matrices), response latencies, and ToM subcomponents by inferential order and cognitive dimension.

Results

Age-related decline emerged for anger and fear recognition (p = .001) but not for joy or disgust, which showed ceiling effects. Response times revealed nonlinear age trajectories, with adults aged 50–59 demonstrating longer latencies than those over 60 (p < .001). Older adults (60+) exhibited significantly elevated misattribution rates (p = .008), whereas a descriptive tendency toward higher anger-disgust confusion in young men did not reach significance after correction for within-participant clustering. Theory of mind performance remained stable across age groups, with significant differentiation across inferential orders (p < .001) and cognitive dimensions (p < .001).

Conclusions

This multidimensional framework provides normative benchmarks that may enhance clinical utility by enabling identification of emotion-specific performance profiles, detection of processing efficiency variations through response latencies, and characterization of systematic error patterns; thereby extending the interpretive precision of well-validated instruments whose clinical sensitivity has been established across neurological and psychiatric populations.