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Background <p>The assessment of life satisfaction is influenced by cultural factors, making it important to consider the unique cultural backgrounds of individuals. However, there has been a lack of assessment tools specifically designed for evaluating life satisfaction in Thai older adults based on their own cultural context. The Multidimensional Life-Satisfaction Assessment (MLSA) was developed to address this gap, integrating well-recognized concepts of the Sufficiency Economy within Thai social values to expand more on the social and environmental aspects. This study aimed to develop and preliminarily test the construct validity of the MLSA.</p> Methods <p>A research and development process was employed to generate relevant items for the MLSA. The final version of the MLSA consisted of 36 items, encompassing nine dimensions: Zest, Resolution, Fortitude, Congruence between desired and achieved goals, Positive self-concept, Sense of Control, Mood Tone, Forgiveness, and Sufficiency Economy. The scale was tested with 600 mentally healthy Thai older adults to evaluate model fitness, convergent and discriminant validity. Concurrent validity was assessed using the Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES) and the EuroQoL-5-dimension (EQ5D). A two-week retest analysis assessed the scale’s stability over time.</p> Results <p>The 36-item MLSA demonstrated acceptable internal consistency for each dimension. The nine-factor solution model exhibited adequate fit statistics. While the scale demonstrated adequate convergent validity, discriminant validity was not initially established due to overlapping dimensions. However, discriminant validity was established after modelling a second-order factor. Significant correlations between MLSA scores and RSES and EQ5D were observed, indicating concurrent validity. The MLSA also demonstrated satisfactory test-retest reliability.</p> Conclusion <p>The MLSA shows promise as a new tool with an integrated new concept for assessing life satisfaction in older adults. Using a total score, MLSA can be used as a total score to represent overall life satisfaction or can be used as a separate dimension. However, utilizing some dimensions should be careful as they share some variance with other dimensions. Given that the study was specifically conducted with mentally healthy older adults, further replication studies across different settings and cultures are encouraged to confirm the construct validity of the MLSA definitively.</p> Clinical trial registration number <p>N/A.</p>

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Assessing the construct validity of a 36-item multidimensional life satisfaction assessment - a novel tool for measuring life satisfaction among older adults in Thailand

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月6日

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  • Chumphot Phromsida,
  • Nahathai Wongpakaran,
  • Pichet Udomratn,
  • Tuntima Doungyota,
  • Pornprapai Khaektao,
  • Wasan Muenmarerng,
  • Karinee Sungprakhong,
  • Nopparat Chaichumni,
  • Niruemol Puekkong,
  • Chanchai Supakul,
  • Jirarat Nuanmai,
  • K. Sinsak Suvanchot,
  • Saijai Kawanantakul,
  • Tinakon Wongpakaran

摘要

Background

The assessment of life satisfaction is influenced by cultural factors, making it important to consider the unique cultural backgrounds of individuals. However, there has been a lack of assessment tools specifically designed for evaluating life satisfaction in Thai older adults based on their own cultural context. The Multidimensional Life-Satisfaction Assessment (MLSA) was developed to address this gap, integrating well-recognized concepts of the Sufficiency Economy within Thai social values to expand more on the social and environmental aspects. This study aimed to develop and preliminarily test the construct validity of the MLSA.

Methods

A research and development process was employed to generate relevant items for the MLSA. The final version of the MLSA consisted of 36 items, encompassing nine dimensions: Zest, Resolution, Fortitude, Congruence between desired and achieved goals, Positive self-concept, Sense of Control, Mood Tone, Forgiveness, and Sufficiency Economy. The scale was tested with 600 mentally healthy Thai older adults to evaluate model fitness, convergent and discriminant validity. Concurrent validity was assessed using the Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES) and the EuroQoL-5-dimension (EQ5D). A two-week retest analysis assessed the scale’s stability over time.

Results

The 36-item MLSA demonstrated acceptable internal consistency for each dimension. The nine-factor solution model exhibited adequate fit statistics. While the scale demonstrated adequate convergent validity, discriminant validity was not initially established due to overlapping dimensions. However, discriminant validity was established after modelling a second-order factor. Significant correlations between MLSA scores and RSES and EQ5D were observed, indicating concurrent validity. The MLSA also demonstrated satisfactory test-retest reliability.

Conclusion

The MLSA shows promise as a new tool with an integrated new concept for assessing life satisfaction in older adults. Using a total score, MLSA can be used as a total score to represent overall life satisfaction or can be used as a separate dimension. However, utilizing some dimensions should be careful as they share some variance with other dimensions. Given that the study was specifically conducted with mentally healthy older adults, further replication studies across different settings and cultures are encouraged to confirm the construct validity of the MLSA definitively.

Clinical trial registration number

N/A.