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Background <p>Bulimia nervosa (BN) is increasingly recognized as a significant public health issue worldwide. This study aims to explore the effects of BN on global, regional, and national scales by analyzing data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021.</p> Methods <p>We obtained the age-standardized rates (ASRs) of prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life years rates (DALYs), along with their 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) for BN from the GBD 2021 dataset, covering the period from 1990 to 2021. And estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) was used to represent the changing trend of BN burden. The Long-term trends of the burden of BN were quantified by Age-period-cohort (APC) analysis. Furthermore, an evaluation of inequality and a prospective prediction concerning the worldwide impact of BN is performed.</p> Results <p>From 1990 to 2021, the global burden of BN showed a continuous increase. In 2021, the highest burden of BN was observed in regions with a high socio-demographic index (SDI), particularly in Australasia (ASPR was 811.9 per 100,000 individuals; 95% UI: 629.68 to 1041.59). The most substantial increase in the burden of BN was observed in Asia. In the national level, Equatorial Guinea experienced the most significant increase in the burden of BN from 1990 to 2021 (EAPC of ASPR was 3.48; 2.86 to 4.11). In contrast, burden of BN in High-income North America recorded a substantial decrease from 1990 to 2021 (EAPC of ASPRs was − 0.26; -0.39 to -0.13). The growth rate of male BN burden was higher than that of female. The relative inequality of the BN burden decreased between 1990 and 2021. Further forecasts from the GBD indicated that the global burden of BN would continue to rise by 2030.</p> Conclusion <p>These results can help governments across the globe in developing suitable health and medical policies focused on the prevention and early intervention of BN. Moreover, the differences in BN burden should be analyzed based on region, nation, gender, and year when setting international health goals.</p>

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Global, regional and national level burden of bulimia nervosa from 1990 to 2021 and their projections to 2030: analysis of the global burden of disease study

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月12日

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  • Yihao Ge,
  • Shanshan Zhang,
  • Zekun Li,
  • Hongmin Guo,
  • Xiaohan Li,
  • Zhiyong Li,
  • Fang Dong,
  • Feng Zhang

摘要

Background

Bulimia nervosa (BN) is increasingly recognized as a significant public health issue worldwide. This study aims to explore the effects of BN on global, regional, and national scales by analyzing data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021.

Methods

We obtained the age-standardized rates (ASRs) of prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life years rates (DALYs), along with their 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) for BN from the GBD 2021 dataset, covering the period from 1990 to 2021. And estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) was used to represent the changing trend of BN burden. The Long-term trends of the burden of BN were quantified by Age-period-cohort (APC) analysis. Furthermore, an evaluation of inequality and a prospective prediction concerning the worldwide impact of BN is performed.

Results

From 1990 to 2021, the global burden of BN showed a continuous increase. In 2021, the highest burden of BN was observed in regions with a high socio-demographic index (SDI), particularly in Australasia (ASPR was 811.9 per 100,000 individuals; 95% UI: 629.68 to 1041.59). The most substantial increase in the burden of BN was observed in Asia. In the national level, Equatorial Guinea experienced the most significant increase in the burden of BN from 1990 to 2021 (EAPC of ASPR was 3.48; 2.86 to 4.11). In contrast, burden of BN in High-income North America recorded a substantial decrease from 1990 to 2021 (EAPC of ASPRs was − 0.26; -0.39 to -0.13). The growth rate of male BN burden was higher than that of female. The relative inequality of the BN burden decreased between 1990 and 2021. Further forecasts from the GBD indicated that the global burden of BN would continue to rise by 2030.

Conclusion

These results can help governments across the globe in developing suitable health and medical policies focused on the prevention and early intervention of BN. Moreover, the differences in BN burden should be analyzed based on region, nation, gender, and year when setting international health goals.