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Background <p>Stress experienced by newly received cattle is a significant challenge in the beef industry, frequently resulting in weakened immune responses and impaired growth. The rumen microbiota is essential to host health, and its imbalance can exacerbate stress. This study investigates the mechanisms by which creatine pyruvate (CrPyr) mitigates stress in newly received cattle through multi-omics approaches, including metagenomics, metabolomics, in vitro and in vivo experiments, and rumen microbiota transplantation (RMT) in mice.</p> Results <p>Our results revealed that CrPyr significantly reduces stress-related hormones (cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone) and inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α), and enhanced antioxidant capacity (SOD: 57.38 versus 46.93&#xa0;U/mL, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05; GSH-Px: 305.87 versus 217.07&#xa0;U/mL, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05; T-AOC: 9.62 versus 7.66&#xa0;U/mL, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Metagenomic analysis demonstrated that CrPyr increased <i>Prevotella</i> abundance, a key rumen bacterium involved in volatile fatty acid (VFA) production, and enriches metabolic pathways associated with energy metabolism (ATP synthesis, and pyruvate metabolism) and antioxidant defense (glutathione metabolism, FC = 1.08, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). In vitro and in vivo experiments, as well as RMT studies in mice, further validate these findings, demonstrating that CrPyr promote VFA synthesis and increased ATP production through the electron transport phosphorylation pathway.</p> Conclusions <p>CrPyr modulates the abundance of ruminal <i>Prevotella</i> in transport-stressed cattle to enhance glutathione and VFA metabolism and to accelerate ATP and nucleotide synthesis, thereby alleviating stress in newly received cattle. This multimodal approach established CrPyr as an effective nutritional intervention that improves rumen function and increases livestock productivity.</p> <p><MediaObject ID="MOESM3"> <VideoObject FileRef="MediaObjects/40168_2026_2365_MOESM3_ESM.mp4" VideoID="7PaVBFu3VN3M3r5pZLFRua"> <Caption Language="En" xml:lang="en"> <CaptionContent> <p>Video Abstract</p> </CaptionContent> </Caption> </VideoObject> </MediaObject></p>

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Rumen microbiota-associated stress alleviation by creatine pyruvate in newly received cattle: a multi-omics study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月5日

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  • Kang Mao,
  • Yitian Zang,
  • Chang Wang,
  • Wenping Yang,
  • Guwei Lu,
  • Qinghua Qiu,
  • Kehui Ouyang,
  • Xianghui Zhao,
  • Xiaozhen Song,
  • Huan Liang,
  • Lanjiao Xu,
  • Mingren Qu,
  • Yanjiao Li

摘要

Background

Stress experienced by newly received cattle is a significant challenge in the beef industry, frequently resulting in weakened immune responses and impaired growth. The rumen microbiota is essential to host health, and its imbalance can exacerbate stress. This study investigates the mechanisms by which creatine pyruvate (CrPyr) mitigates stress in newly received cattle through multi-omics approaches, including metagenomics, metabolomics, in vitro and in vivo experiments, and rumen microbiota transplantation (RMT) in mice.

Results

Our results revealed that CrPyr significantly reduces stress-related hormones (cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone) and inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α), and enhanced antioxidant capacity (SOD: 57.38 versus 46.93 U/mL, P < 0.05; GSH-Px: 305.87 versus 217.07 U/mL, P < 0.05; T-AOC: 9.62 versus 7.66 U/mL, P < 0.05). Metagenomic analysis demonstrated that CrPyr increased Prevotella abundance, a key rumen bacterium involved in volatile fatty acid (VFA) production, and enriches metabolic pathways associated with energy metabolism (ATP synthesis, and pyruvate metabolism) and antioxidant defense (glutathione metabolism, FC = 1.08, P < 0.05). In vitro and in vivo experiments, as well as RMT studies in mice, further validate these findings, demonstrating that CrPyr promote VFA synthesis and increased ATP production through the electron transport phosphorylation pathway.

Conclusions

CrPyr modulates the abundance of ruminal Prevotella in transport-stressed cattle to enhance glutathione and VFA metabolism and to accelerate ATP and nucleotide synthesis, thereby alleviating stress in newly received cattle. This multimodal approach established CrPyr as an effective nutritional intervention that improves rumen function and increases livestock productivity.

Video Abstract