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Background <p>Gut microbiota-derived urolithins may influence multiple myeloma (MM) disease progression and treatment. We analyzed urolithins and their associated microbiota in a retrospective cohort of 45 patients with active MM or premalignant disease using mass spectrometry and 16S rRNA gene sequencing.</p> Results <p>Patients with detectable levels of urolithin in serum and stool and a higher abundance of urolithin-related microbiota had a better outcome. Analysis of the effects of urolithin A (UroA) treatment ex vivo, in vitro, and in vivo revealed that UroA is cytotoxic against MM cell lines and modulates the cell cycle and mitochondrial activity. Notably, UroA inhibits the proliferation of primary MM cells in vitro and in a xenograft mouse model, improving overall survival. Finally, combination therapy with UroA and bortezomib has a synergistic effect in vitro, even in the presence of bortezomib resistance, and modulates signaling pathways involved in MM development.</p> Conclusions <p>UroA might be a potential therapeutic agent to halt MM disease progression or to overcome resistance when used in combination.</p> <p><MediaObject ID="MOESM5"> <VideoObject FileRef="MediaObjects/40168_2025_2045_MOESM5_ESM.mp4" VideoID="BuEFhn8yrivgG7FAwkY4ST"> <Caption Language="En" xml:lang="en"> <CaptionContent> <p>Video Abstract</p> </CaptionContent> </Caption> </VideoObject> </MediaObject></p>

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Microbiota-derived urolithin A in monoclonal gammopathies and multiple myeloma therapy

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月28日

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  • Alba Rodríguez-García,
  • Raquel Ancos-Pintado,
  • Roberto García-Vicente,
  • Alejandra Ortiz-Ruiz,
  • Andrés Arroyo,
  • Miguel Ángel Navarro,
  • María Luz Morales,
  • Patricia Guevara-Ramirez,
  • Pablo Justo,
  • Nieves López-Muñoz,
  • José Sánchez-Pina,
  • Rafael Alonso,
  • María Victoria Selma,
  • María Dolores Frutos-Lisón,
  • Rocío García-Villalba,
  • Francisco A. Tomás-Barberán,
  • Rosa Ayala,
  • Joaquín Martínez-López,
  • María Linares

摘要

Background

Gut microbiota-derived urolithins may influence multiple myeloma (MM) disease progression and treatment. We analyzed urolithins and their associated microbiota in a retrospective cohort of 45 patients with active MM or premalignant disease using mass spectrometry and 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Results

Patients with detectable levels of urolithin in serum and stool and a higher abundance of urolithin-related microbiota had a better outcome. Analysis of the effects of urolithin A (UroA) treatment ex vivo, in vitro, and in vivo revealed that UroA is cytotoxic against MM cell lines and modulates the cell cycle and mitochondrial activity. Notably, UroA inhibits the proliferation of primary MM cells in vitro and in a xenograft mouse model, improving overall survival. Finally, combination therapy with UroA and bortezomib has a synergistic effect in vitro, even in the presence of bortezomib resistance, and modulates signaling pathways involved in MM development.

Conclusions

UroA might be a potential therapeutic agent to halt MM disease progression or to overcome resistance when used in combination.

Video Abstract