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Background <p>Poor&#xa0;feather&#xa0;growth not only&#xa0;affects&#xa0;the appearance of the organism but also decreases the feed&#xa0;efficiency. Methionine (Met) is an essential amino acid required for feather follicle development; yet the exact mechanism involved remains insufficiently understood.</p> Methods <p>A total of 180 1-day-old broilers were selected and randomly divided into 3 treatments: control group (0.45% Met), Met-deficiency group (0.25% Met), and Met-rescue group (0.45% Met in the pre-trial period and 0.25% Met in the post-trial period). The experimental period lasted for 56 d, with a pre-trial period of 1–28 d and a post-trial period of 29–56 d. In addition, Met-deficiency and Met-rescue models were constructed in feather follicle epidermal stem cell by controlling the supply of Met in the culture medium.</p> Results <p>Dietary Met-deficiency significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) reduced the ADG, ADFI and F/G, and inhibited feather follicle development. Met supplementation significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) improved growth performance and the feather growth in broilers. Met-rescue may promote feather growth in broilers by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway (GSK-3β, CK1, Axin1, β-catenin, Active β-catenin, TCF4, and Cyclin D1). Compared with Met-deficiency group, Met-rescue significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) increased the activity of feather follicle epidermal stem cell and mitochondrial membrane potential, activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and decreased the content of reactive oxygen species (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). CO-IP confirmed that mitochondrial protein PGAM5 interacted with Axin1, the scaffold protein of the disruption complex of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and directly mediated Met regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and feather follicle development.</p> Conclusions <p>PGAM5 binding to Axin1 mediates the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and promotes feather follicle development and feather growth of broiler chickens through Met supplementation. These results provide theoretical support for the improvement of economic value and production efficiency of broiler chickens.</p>

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Mitochondrial PGAM5 modulates methionine metabolism and feather follicle development by targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in broiler chickens

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月5日

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  • Sheng Zhang,
  • Yijun Chen,
  • Yaxue Lv,
  • Yuqing Feng,
  • Chunqi Gao

摘要

Background

Poor feather growth not only affects the appearance of the organism but also decreases the feed efficiency. Methionine (Met) is an essential amino acid required for feather follicle development; yet the exact mechanism involved remains insufficiently understood.

Methods

A total of 180 1-day-old broilers were selected and randomly divided into 3 treatments: control group (0.45% Met), Met-deficiency group (0.25% Met), and Met-rescue group (0.45% Met in the pre-trial period and 0.25% Met in the post-trial period). The experimental period lasted for 56 d, with a pre-trial period of 1–28 d and a post-trial period of 29–56 d. In addition, Met-deficiency and Met-rescue models were constructed in feather follicle epidermal stem cell by controlling the supply of Met in the culture medium.

Results

Dietary Met-deficiency significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the ADG, ADFI and F/G, and inhibited feather follicle development. Met supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) improved growth performance and the feather growth in broilers. Met-rescue may promote feather growth in broilers by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway (GSK-3β, CK1, Axin1, β-catenin, Active β-catenin, TCF4, and Cyclin D1). Compared with Met-deficiency group, Met-rescue significantly (P < 0.05) increased the activity of feather follicle epidermal stem cell and mitochondrial membrane potential, activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and decreased the content of reactive oxygen species (P < 0.05). CO-IP confirmed that mitochondrial protein PGAM5 interacted with Axin1, the scaffold protein of the disruption complex of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and directly mediated Met regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and feather follicle development.

Conclusions

PGAM5 binding to Axin1 mediates the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and promotes feather follicle development and feather growth of broiler chickens through Met supplementation. These results provide theoretical support for the improvement of economic value and production efficiency of broiler chickens.