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Introduction <p>Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes severe neurological impairment via inflammation, oxidative stress, and secondary damage. Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that has shown some promise in the preclinical treatment of SCI animal models. However, no comprehensive meta-analysis has yet evaluated its efficacy for motor recovery post-SCI. This study aims to fill this gap.</p> Methods <p>A comprehensive literature search was performed in databases. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a key pro-inflammatory cytokine, was analyzed as a marker of neuroinflammation. Data extraction of included studies was performed and meta-analyses were done using Stata 14. Quality assessment of included studies and subgroup analysis were performed.</p> Results <p>The analysis of data of functional recovery from 21 studies and TNF-α from 10 studies revealed that IL-10 administration significantly improved motor function recovery after SCI compared to control groups (SMD = 1.69; 95% [CI] = 1.26–2.11; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) and significantly reduced TNF-α (SMD = -2.06; 95% CI = −2.87 to −1.26; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). Local delivery of IL-10 via implantable devices showed superior efficacy compared to other administration routes.</p> Conclusion <p>IL-10 administration, especially the local sustained delivery using implantable systems, attenuated neuroinflammation and significantly improved motor behavior after SCI. These findings highlight the translational potential of IL-10 for SCI treatment and suggest optimal administration protocols for future research. However, these preclinical findings require cautious interpretation before clinical translation.</p>

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Interleukin 10 therapy for spinal cord injury: a meta-analysis of preclinical studies on motor recovery and modulation of neuroinflammation

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月30日

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  • Reyhane Hossieninezhad,
  • Fateme Sormoshk Ghorbani,
  • Zahra Behroozi,
  • Michael Hamblin,
  • Fatemeh Ramezani

摘要

Introduction

Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes severe neurological impairment via inflammation, oxidative stress, and secondary damage. Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that has shown some promise in the preclinical treatment of SCI animal models. However, no comprehensive meta-analysis has yet evaluated its efficacy for motor recovery post-SCI. This study aims to fill this gap.

Methods

A comprehensive literature search was performed in databases. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a key pro-inflammatory cytokine, was analyzed as a marker of neuroinflammation. Data extraction of included studies was performed and meta-analyses were done using Stata 14. Quality assessment of included studies and subgroup analysis were performed.

Results

The analysis of data of functional recovery from 21 studies and TNF-α from 10 studies revealed that IL-10 administration significantly improved motor function recovery after SCI compared to control groups (SMD = 1.69; 95% [CI] = 1.26–2.11; p < 0.0001) and significantly reduced TNF-α (SMD = -2.06; 95% CI = −2.87 to −1.26; p < 0.0001). Local delivery of IL-10 via implantable devices showed superior efficacy compared to other administration routes.

Conclusion

IL-10 administration, especially the local sustained delivery using implantable systems, attenuated neuroinflammation and significantly improved motor behavior after SCI. These findings highlight the translational potential of IL-10 for SCI treatment and suggest optimal administration protocols for future research. However, these preclinical findings require cautious interpretation before clinical translation.