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Background <p>The cardiometabolic index (CMI) has been associated with multiple metabolic disorders; however, its relationship with osteoarthritis (OA) remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between CMI and OA.</p> Methods <p>Utilizing data from the 2011–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), this cross-sectional study included 2,331 participants after propensity score matching (PSM). Participants in the OA group were matched to those in the non-OA group at a 1:2 ratio, with age and sex used to estimate the propensity scores, resulting in 777 OA participants and 1,554 non-OA participants. Multivariable logistic regression, smoothed curve fitting, and subgroup analyses were used to assess the association between CMI and OA. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to compare the predictive performance of CMI, the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and the non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio (NHHR).</p> Results <p>Following multivariable adjustment, the risk of developing OA increased with higher CMI levels (OR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.03–1.67). A nonlinear relationship was observed with a threshold at CMI = 1.32; below this value, higher CMI was associated with increased OA risk (OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.09–1.92). ROC analysis showed that CMI had a slightly higher predictive value for OA (AUC = 0.531) compared with AIP (0.517) and NHHR (0.505). CMI was a stronger predictor of OA development when compared to AIP or NHHR.</p> Conclusions <p>A substantial positive connection was identified between CMI and OA. CMI may serve as a superior metric for evaluating the risk of OA in comparison with alternative composite lipid indices.</p>

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Association between the cardiometabolic index and osteoarthritis in US adults: predictive performance superior to the atherogenic index of plasma and the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月9日

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  • Guoliang Ma,
  • Zhizhuang Wang,
  • Bowen Yang,
  • Xin Chen,
  • Minshan Feng,
  • Kexin Yang,
  • Liguo Zhu,
  • Bo Xu,
  • Haibin Sun,
  • He Yin

摘要

Background

The cardiometabolic index (CMI) has been associated with multiple metabolic disorders; however, its relationship with osteoarthritis (OA) remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between CMI and OA.

Methods

Utilizing data from the 2011–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), this cross-sectional study included 2,331 participants after propensity score matching (PSM). Participants in the OA group were matched to those in the non-OA group at a 1:2 ratio, with age and sex used to estimate the propensity scores, resulting in 777 OA participants and 1,554 non-OA participants. Multivariable logistic regression, smoothed curve fitting, and subgroup analyses were used to assess the association between CMI and OA. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to compare the predictive performance of CMI, the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and the non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio (NHHR).

Results

Following multivariable adjustment, the risk of developing OA increased with higher CMI levels (OR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.03–1.67). A nonlinear relationship was observed with a threshold at CMI = 1.32; below this value, higher CMI was associated with increased OA risk (OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.09–1.92). ROC analysis showed that CMI had a slightly higher predictive value for OA (AUC = 0.531) compared with AIP (0.517) and NHHR (0.505). CMI was a stronger predictor of OA development when compared to AIP or NHHR.

Conclusions

A substantial positive connection was identified between CMI and OA. CMI may serve as a superior metric for evaluating the risk of OA in comparison with alternative composite lipid indices.