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Background <p>Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common musculoskeletal disorder. While numerous studies have investigated its clinical risk factors, limited evidence exists on how demographic, lifestyle, and occupational characteristics influence patient-reported outcomes (PROs). This study aimed to comprehensively examine the determinants of PROs in individuals with LDH using a multidimensional, validated assessment tool.</p> Methods <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with clinically diagnosed LDH in a tertiary hospital in China. PROs were assessed using a validated multidimensional PRO scale encompassing physical dysfunction, psychological distress, social adaptation, therapeutic effect and physical symptoms domains. Demographic, lifestyle, occupational, and clinical characteristics were collected through structured questionnaires. Multiple stepwise linear regression analyses were employed to identify independent predictors of overall and domain-specific PRO scores.</p> Results <p>A total of 539 patients (mean age: 40 years; 60.1% male) were included. Age, personal monthly income, exercise frequency, work-related stress, occupational characteristics, disease duration, and history of lumbar trauma were identified as significant predictors of PROs (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Patients aged ≥ 50 years, those with low (≤ 3000 RMB) or high (&gt; 10,000 RMB) income, individuals with prolonged disease duration or prior lumbar trauma, and those reporting moderate-to-high work stress exhibited significantly poorer outcomes across multiple PRO domains. Conversely, regular physical exercise was associated with lower PRO scores, indicating better health status. Educational level, residence, and sex showed no significant association with PROs.</p> Conclusions <p>The findings demonstrate that demographic, lifestyle, and occupational factors, in addition to disease history, are key determinants of PROs in LDH patients. Integrating PRO-based assessments with conventional clinical risk profiling may provide a more comprehensive understanding of disease burden and support the development of individualized prevention and rehabilitation strategies.</p>

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Factors associated with patient-reported outcomes in lumbar disc herniation: a cross-sectional analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月27日

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  • Chao Xu,
  • Feng Huang,
  • Shunxing Wang,
  • Zhijun Tan,
  • Haiyue Zhang,
  • Zhe Yang,
  • Ying Liang,
  • Jianbing Ma,
  • Zhou Lu,
  • Lei Shang

摘要

Background

Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common musculoskeletal disorder. While numerous studies have investigated its clinical risk factors, limited evidence exists on how demographic, lifestyle, and occupational characteristics influence patient-reported outcomes (PROs). This study aimed to comprehensively examine the determinants of PROs in individuals with LDH using a multidimensional, validated assessment tool.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with clinically diagnosed LDH in a tertiary hospital in China. PROs were assessed using a validated multidimensional PRO scale encompassing physical dysfunction, psychological distress, social adaptation, therapeutic effect and physical symptoms domains. Demographic, lifestyle, occupational, and clinical characteristics were collected through structured questionnaires. Multiple stepwise linear regression analyses were employed to identify independent predictors of overall and domain-specific PRO scores.

Results

A total of 539 patients (mean age: 40 years; 60.1% male) were included. Age, personal monthly income, exercise frequency, work-related stress, occupational characteristics, disease duration, and history of lumbar trauma were identified as significant predictors of PROs (p < 0.05). Patients aged ≥ 50 years, those with low (≤ 3000 RMB) or high (> 10,000 RMB) income, individuals with prolonged disease duration or prior lumbar trauma, and those reporting moderate-to-high work stress exhibited significantly poorer outcomes across multiple PRO domains. Conversely, regular physical exercise was associated with lower PRO scores, indicating better health status. Educational level, residence, and sex showed no significant association with PROs.

Conclusions

The findings demonstrate that demographic, lifestyle, and occupational factors, in addition to disease history, are key determinants of PROs in LDH patients. Integrating PRO-based assessments with conventional clinical risk profiling may provide a more comprehensive understanding of disease burden and support the development of individualized prevention and rehabilitation strategies.