Background <p>COLEC10 and COLEC11 are presumed to act as pattern recognition receptors to activate the complement system by binding to MASP1. However, it is not clear whether the serum concentrations of COLEC10, COLEC11 and MASP1 can be diagnostic markers of chronic liver disease (CLD).</p> Aims <p>This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of serum concentrations of COLEC10, COLEC11 and MASP1 in CLD.</p> Methods <p>The study included 17 healthy donors and 128 patients who were diagnosed with chronic liver disease. The serum concentrations of COLEC10, COLEC11 and MASP1 were measured with ELISA kits. The clinical data of the patients were collected and analyzed.</p> Results <p>The serum concentrations of COLEC10 and COLEC11 are significantly increased in the patients with CLD. However, the serum concentration of MASP1 did not show a significant change in patients with CLD. The univariate correlation analysis reveals that the serum concentrations of COLEC10, COLEC11 and MASP1 are not strongly correlated with other clinical markers. Subgroup analysis based on the etiology of chronic liver disease demonstrates that the serum concentrations of COLEC10 and COLEC11 are increased in patients with viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, and alcoholic hepatitis, but not in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, whereas MASP1 is only increased in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. The serum concentrations of COLEC10, COLEC11 and MASP1 are increased in patients with liver cirrhosis.</p> Conclusions <p>This study demonstrates that the serum concentrations of COLEC10 and COLEC11 are new biomarkers of chronic liver disease characterized by liver fibrosis and an advanced-stage phenotype. Further studies are needed to confirm the clinical value of serum concentrations of COLEC10 and COLEC11 in the diagnosis and prognosis of chronic liver disease.</p>