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Background <p>Most pelvic floor electrical stimulation (PFES) is intravaginal, with little research on how stimulation frequencies affect stress urinary incontinence (SUI) treatment. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different stimulation frequencies on improving SUI through PFES using an implantable PFES device in rats.</p> Methods <p>A miniature, implantable, wireless PFES device (NuStim) was used to stimulate the pelvic floor muscles of 24 female Sprague–Dawley rats. All animals underwent vaginal distension (VD) to mimic postpartum SUI. PFES was applied at four frequencies (6&#xa0;Hz, 15&#xa0;Hz, 30&#xa0;Hz and 50&#xa0;Hz) to four experimental groups for 2 consecutive weeks. Multiple cystometrograms (CMGs) were performed to measure leak point pressure (LPP) and maximal bladder capacity (MBC).</p> Results <p>VD-induced SUI significantly reduced the LPP to 21.1 ± 2.5 cmH<sub>2</sub>O, 24.1 ± 4.6 cmH<sub>2</sub>O, 24.0 ± 5.3 cmH<sub>2</sub>O and 25.7 ± 3.5 cmH<sub>2</sub>O compared to the control levels (46.5 ± 3.7 cmH<sub>2</sub>O, 50.1 ± 9.2 cmH<sub>2</sub>O, 49.3 ± 10.3 cmH<sub>2</sub>O and 53.3 ± 8.6 cmH<sub>2</sub>O, P &lt; 0.01) across the four groups. PFES at 6&#xa0;Hz, 15&#xa0;Hz, 30&#xa0;Hz and 50&#xa0;Hz significantly increased the LPP to 50.9 ± 8.0 cmH<sub>2</sub>O, 53.3 ± 13.5 cmH<sub>2</sub>O, 49.6 ± 9.9 cmH<sub>2</sub>O and 54.0 ± 5.2 cmH<sub>2</sub>O compared to the respective VD levels (P &lt; 0.001). No frequency-dependent differences were detected (P &gt; 0.05). MBC did not show significant differences at any of the tested frequencies.</p> Conclusions <p>This study demonstrated that different PFES frequencies could all promote the recovery of urinary control function, with no significant differences in therapeutic effects. However, further randomized controlled studies were needed to assess additional frequencies and the long-term efficacy of PFES.</p>

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Effects of pelvic floor electrical stimulation with an implantable device at different frequencies on stress urinary incontinence in rats

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月25日

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  • Bohong Long,
  • Chen Li,
  • Han Deng,
  • Haoyu Sun,
  • Limin Liao,
  • Xing Li

摘要

Background

Most pelvic floor electrical stimulation (PFES) is intravaginal, with little research on how stimulation frequencies affect stress urinary incontinence (SUI) treatment. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different stimulation frequencies on improving SUI through PFES using an implantable PFES device in rats.

Methods

A miniature, implantable, wireless PFES device (NuStim) was used to stimulate the pelvic floor muscles of 24 female Sprague–Dawley rats. All animals underwent vaginal distension (VD) to mimic postpartum SUI. PFES was applied at four frequencies (6 Hz, 15 Hz, 30 Hz and 50 Hz) to four experimental groups for 2 consecutive weeks. Multiple cystometrograms (CMGs) were performed to measure leak point pressure (LPP) and maximal bladder capacity (MBC).

Results

VD-induced SUI significantly reduced the LPP to 21.1 ± 2.5 cmH2O, 24.1 ± 4.6 cmH2O, 24.0 ± 5.3 cmH2O and 25.7 ± 3.5 cmH2O compared to the control levels (46.5 ± 3.7 cmH2O, 50.1 ± 9.2 cmH2O, 49.3 ± 10.3 cmH2O and 53.3 ± 8.6 cmH2O, P < 0.01) across the four groups. PFES at 6 Hz, 15 Hz, 30 Hz and 50 Hz significantly increased the LPP to 50.9 ± 8.0 cmH2O, 53.3 ± 13.5 cmH2O, 49.6 ± 9.9 cmH2O and 54.0 ± 5.2 cmH2O compared to the respective VD levels (P < 0.001). No frequency-dependent differences were detected (P > 0.05). MBC did not show significant differences at any of the tested frequencies.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that different PFES frequencies could all promote the recovery of urinary control function, with no significant differences in therapeutic effects. However, further randomized controlled studies were needed to assess additional frequencies and the long-term efficacy of PFES.